1. 紅茶機(jī)器揉捻技巧
紅茶從揉捻開(kāi)始到發(fā)酵結(jié)束,整個(gè)過(guò)程伴隨著一系列的變化。而香氣和葉色的變化是同時(shí)發(fā)生的,制茶過(guò)程中必須結(jié)合發(fā)酵葉的香氣和色澤的變化,同時(shí)結(jié)合發(fā)酵時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短來(lái)綜合判斷發(fā)酵是否適度,從而掌控整個(gè)紅茶發(fā)酵的進(jìn)程。
紅茶發(fā)酵可以采用人工發(fā)酵和機(jī)器發(fā)酵。具體的發(fā)酵加工方法:1、采摘(又叫采青):分為手工采摘和機(jī)械采摘。2、萎調(diào)(又叫曬青):分為日光萎調(diào)和室內(nèi)萎調(diào)。3、搖青發(fā)酵:茶青通過(guò)搖青機(jī)或手工攪拌的摩擦運(yùn)動(dòng),擦破葉緣細(xì)胞,從而促進(jìn)酶促氧化作用,使鮮葉發(fā)生一系列生物化學(xué)變化。
通過(guò)搖、涼(即動(dòng)、靜)反復(fù)進(jìn)行4-5次,歷時(shí)8-10小時(shí),使葉子由硬變軟(活來(lái)死去),古稱為消青,這達(dá)到綠葉紅鑲邊。4、殺青(炒青)定型:以高濕來(lái)破壞酵素的活性,抑制茶葉繼續(xù)發(fā)酵,以免使得氣味完全散失而保有半發(fā)酵茶類特有的香味。
5、揉捻加工:經(jīng)5-8分鐘的持續(xù)揉、捻、抿,使葉片卷成條索,破碎葉細(xì)胞,擠出體汁,使其粘附于葉表,沖泡時(shí)易溶于水,增濃茶湯。6、人工解決:碳火干燥烘焙是烏龍茶開(kāi)成獨(dú)特滋味的關(guān)鍵。其一般火功的要求是:低溫慢焙,高級(jí)茶溫度宜低,時(shí)間宜短,低級(jí)茶溫度宜高,時(shí)間宜長(zhǎng)。
7、揀剔:分為機(jī)械揀剔和手工揀剔。主要是除去粗老畸形的茶釁,揀出茶子、茶梗。
2. 紅茶制作工藝揉捻
紅茶揉捻時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短與揉捻機(jī)性能、紅茶葉量、紅茶葉質(zhì)老嫩和氣溫高低都密切相關(guān),在保證揉捻質(zhì)量的前提下,允許有一定的靈活度。
以下僅供參考: 新葉茶 剪枝或臺(tái)刈后與幼齡茶樹(shù)所發(fā)之新葉,制成之茶,滋味淡簿。此類茶葉,如制造得法,則形狀美觀??捎弥匚{(diào)凝集其茶汁,故揉捻須較重。第一次揉30分鐘,無(wú)壓力 第二次揉15分鐘,無(wú)壓力,15分鐘略加壓力。第三次揉15分鐘,半壓力,15分鐘較重壓力。第四次揉20分鐘,重壓力,在半中間,放松5分鐘。第五次揉同上3. 紅茶加工過(guò)程中,揉捻的作用
可以卷緊茶條,縮小體積,為炒干成條打好基礎(chǔ),適當(dāng)破壞葉組織、物質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)變。
揉與焙是烏龍茶初制的塑型階段。整個(gè)階段分為三揉三焙六個(gè)工序,揉與焙是反復(fù)相間進(jìn)行的,各個(gè)工序互相聯(lián)系、互相制約。
其程序?yàn)槿嗄?-初烘--初包揉--復(fù)烘--復(fù)包揉--干燥。擴(kuò)展資料:揉捻應(yīng)掌握“熱揉、適當(dāng)重壓、快速、短時(shí)”的原則:“熱揉”:烏龍茶外形要求緊結(jié)、彎曲有皺節(jié),鑒于烏龍茶鮮葉厚、成熟度高、含水量較少、所含纖維素和礦物質(zhì)元素較多,體現(xiàn)出揉捻葉較松散,略有彈性,較難卷曲成條,所以,應(yīng)及時(shí)“熱揉”,炒青出鍋后不待冷卻立即趁熱裝桶揉捻,這時(shí)葉溫高,內(nèi)含物的分子結(jié)構(gòu)松散,葉子的柔軟性、粘性和可塑性較強(qiáng),制成的條形能緊結(jié)、均勻。
適當(dāng)快速重壓:熱揉過(guò)程中,桶內(nèi)葉團(tuán)溫度高,容易造成悶黃味,影響色澤和香氣,因此,要求快速短時(shí)。
快速短時(shí)可能揉捻不足,須加以一定的壓力,烏龍茶揉捻是塑形的第一道工序,要求揉捻葉有較好的卷曲狀態(tài),和一定比例的破碎率,紅茶揉捻破碎率為80-85%,綠茶為50-65%,烏龍茶揉捻破碎率因短時(shí)比綠茶略低,但加上做青破碎率,總破碎率略高于綠茶,是烏龍茶具有醇厚滋味的原因之一。-揉捻
4. 紅茶的揉捻技術(shù)詳情
紅茶的制作工藝一般包括;萎凋、揉捻、發(fā)酵、干燥四大步驟。
萎凋:即是將摘下的鮮葉充分?jǐn)偭?,好使葉片中的水分均勻地散失,讓葉片自然萎蔫凋謝。。
揉捻:這個(gè)步驟是增進(jìn)內(nèi)質(zhì)的重要環(huán)節(jié),適度揉出茶汁,讓茶葉里的細(xì)胞破碎,茶多酚由此得以與空氣中氧氣接觸,發(fā)生酶促氧化,為下一步發(fā)酵打下基礎(chǔ)的同時(shí)利于紅茶香氣的形成。通俗點(diǎn)說(shuō),揉捻就是把萎凋葉像揉面一樣搓揉,使其形成條狀的過(guò)程。
發(fā)酵:傳統(tǒng)的發(fā)酵方法是將揉捻葉置于木桶或竹簍中,加力壓緊,并用濕布焐至葉及葉柄呈古銅色并散發(fā)茶香。
干燥:即烘焙,去除多余水分和苦澀味,焙至茶梗手折斷脆,氣味清純,使茶香高醇。一般而言,傳統(tǒng)的烘焙一般采用炭焙或者電焙,在100攝氏度左右溫?cái)z氏度下烘焙3小時(shí)以上,這樣的炭焙或者電焙方式不僅僅耗時(shí)耗力;另外,使用該炭焙或者電焙所制備的茶葉還會(huì)出現(xiàn)返青的問(wèn)題。
5. 手工炒茶揉捻的手法
分生鍋、二青鍋、熟鍋,三鍋相連,序貫操作。炒茶鍋用普通板鍋,砌成三鍋相連的炒茶灶,鍋呈25-30度傾斜。炒茶掃把用毛竹扎成,長(zhǎng)1米左右,竹枝一端直徑約10厘米。炒茶方法,當(dāng)?shù)夭柁r(nóng)概括為三句話:“第一鍋滿鍋旋,第二鍋帶把勁,第三鍋鉆把子?!鄙佒饕饸⑶嘧饔?,鍋溫180-200℃,投葉量0.25-0.5公斤,葉量多少視鍋溫和操作技術(shù)水平而定。炒法是用炒茶帚在鍋中旋轉(zhuǎn)炒拌,葉子跟著旋轉(zhuǎn)翻動(dòng),均勻受熱失水,要轉(zhuǎn)得快,用力勻,結(jié)合抖散茶葉,時(shí)間約1-2分鐘。待葉質(zhì)柔軟,葉色暗綠,即可掃入第二鍋內(nèi)。二青鍋主要起繼續(xù)殺青和初步揉條的作用,鍋溫比生鍋略低。因茶與鍋壁的摩擦力比較大,用力應(yīng)比生鍋大,所以要“帶把勁”,使葉子隨著炒茶掃帚在鍋內(nèi)旋轉(zhuǎn),開(kāi)始搓卷成條,同時(shí)要結(jié)合抖散茶團(tuán),透發(fā)熱氣。當(dāng)葉片皺縮成條,茶汁粘著葉面,有粘手感,即可掃入熟鍋。熟鍋主要起進(jìn)一步做細(xì)茶條的作用,鍋溫比二青鍋更低,約130-150℃。此時(shí)葉子已經(jīng)比較柔軟,用炒茶掃帚旋炒幾下,葉子即鉆到把內(nèi)竹枝內(nèi),有利于做條,稍稍抖動(dòng),葉子則又散落到鍋里。這樣反復(fù)操作,使葉子吞吐于竹帚內(nèi)外,把殺青失水和搓揉成條巧妙地結(jié)合起來(lái)。這與炒青綠茶先殺青后揉捻的制茶技術(shù)顯然不同,既可以利用濕熱條件下葉子較柔軟,可塑性好的機(jī)會(huì),促進(jìn)粗老葉成條,又可以克服冷揉進(jìn)斷梗、碎片、露筋等弊病。炒至條索緊細(xì),發(fā)出茶香,約三四成干,即可出鍋。
6. 紅茶手工揉捻到什么程度
紅茶發(fā)酵程度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(紅茶的制作工藝?。?/p>
紅茶發(fā)酵程度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)在紅茶制作過(guò)程中,主要通過(guò)對(duì)葉色和香氣的變化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)判定發(fā)酵程度,如香氣的變化,由青草氣味逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向熟香;葉色的變化,青綠色慢慢轉(zhuǎn)化為紫銅色;再通過(guò)發(fā)酵的香氣、葉色來(lái)判定發(fā)酵程度;
紅茶發(fā)酵程度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)
在紅茶制作過(guò)程中,主要通過(guò)對(duì)葉色和香氣的變化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來(lái)判定發(fā)酵程度,如香氣的變化,由青草氣味逐漸轉(zhuǎn)向熟香;葉色的變化,青綠色慢慢轉(zhuǎn)化為紫銅色;再通過(guò)發(fā)酵的香氣、葉色來(lái)判定發(fā)酵程度;亦可結(jié)合溫度計(jì),來(lái)判斷出茶葉的發(fā)酵程度。
紅茶的制作工藝
1、采摘
鮮葉驗(yàn)收與管理鮮葉的品質(zhì)由鮮葉的嫩度、勻度、凈度、鮮度四方面決定,鮮葉的驗(yàn)收即根據(jù)上述四方面決定鮮葉的價(jià)格進(jìn)行收購(gòu)。
2、萎凋
萎凋分為自然萎凋和萎凋槽萎凋兩種方式。自然萎凋就是將鮮茶葉放在室內(nèi)或者室外陽(yáng)光不是很強(qiáng)烈的地方,經(jīng)過(guò)一定的時(shí)間,令鮮茶葉失去一定的水分而變成萎蔫凋謝的狀態(tài)。
3、揉捻
揉捻的作用是令茶葉初步成形,同時(shí)提高茶葉色、香、味的濃度,并且通過(guò)破壞葉細(xì)胞來(lái)促進(jìn)一系列化學(xué)反應(yīng)的發(fā)生,從而為下一步的發(fā)酵做準(zhǔn)備。
4、發(fā)酵
紅茶發(fā)酵過(guò)程的實(shí)質(zhì)是使茶葉中原本無(wú)色的多酚類物質(zhì),在多酚類氧化酶的作用下,形成紅色的氧化聚合物——紅茶色素。
紅茶色素的一部分能夠溶于水中,因此會(huì)形成紅色的茶湯,而另一部分則仍然留在葉片中,形成了紅色的葉底。
5、干燥
發(fā)酵之后,茶坯需要經(jīng)過(guò)高溫烘焙,迅速蒸發(fā)水分,固定茶形,與此同時(shí),紅茶所特有的一些高沸點(diǎn)的芳香類物質(zhì)也被保留在茶葉當(dāng)中,從而形成了紅茶所特有的醇厚、香甜的味道。
7. 紅茶機(jī)器揉捻技巧圖解
鮮葉—萎調(diào)—揉捻—發(fā)酵—干燥—包裝—紅茶成品;但是成品紅茶的色、香、味、型和葉底質(zhì)量不一,造成每批茶的質(zhì)量都有差別,特別是茶鮮葉產(chǎn)量大時(shí),加工不及時(shí),造成茶鮮葉的損壞,制不出優(yōu)質(zhì)的紅茶,公開(kāi)了一種紅茶的加工方法,該方法的流程主要包括:茶葉做青—分級(jí)—揉捻—發(fā)酵—?dú)⑶唷煨汀蜏睾姹骸醿艄ば颍辉摲椒ㄖ幸肓藲⑶喙ば?,通過(guò)殺青可以使發(fā)酵好的茶葉的色澤質(zhì)量及內(nèi)在的品質(zhì)得以提高。
8. 紅茶機(jī)器揉捻技巧視頻教程
隨著現(xiàn)代生活節(jié)奏的加快,烘焙食品已經(jīng)成為一種時(shí)尚、營(yíng)養(yǎng)、高效的消費(fèi)品。越來(lái)越多的人選擇去學(xué)習(xí)烘焙,他們學(xué)習(xí)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)各有不同,有的是為了自己的興趣愛(ài)好,有的是為了想從事這項(xiàng)工作后續(xù)就業(yè)或開(kāi)店創(chuàng)業(yè),那么新手小白如何開(kāi)始學(xué)烘焙呢?
烘培必備工具
烤箱:如果自己家里制作,吃的量少,可以先買小烤箱,但是至少也要35L以上的。一定是上下獨(dú)立控溫,最好帶熱風(fēng)。不能找特別便宜的,便宜意味著溫度不準(zhǔn),加熱不均勻。還要搭配烤箱溫度計(jì),兩個(gè)最好,一個(gè)也可以。
打蛋器(電動(dòng)&手動(dòng)):電動(dòng)跟手動(dòng)都要配備。缺一不可。電動(dòng)盡量買功率大一點(diǎn)的,當(dāng)然,買烤箱會(huì)贈(zèng)送,也可以湊合用。
刮刀(和刮板):翻拌蛋糕糊等,刮板不同形狀,一個(gè)套裝3-5個(gè)就夠用了。
硅膠墊:揉面團(tuán),做餅干等。案板會(huì)粘,硅膠墊防粘。
測(cè)量用品:電子秤,最好是精確到0.1g的。量勺、量杯。
篩網(wǎng):有大小套裝,建議選用60-80目的,篩出的面粉更細(xì)膩。
各種模具:看你從哪種入門(mén),就先買哪種模具,不用急著一氣配齊。
各種碗盆:家里夠多就不用另外購(gòu)置了。
廚師機(jī):這個(gè)做面包是必備的,就算擁有麒麟臂,也不如機(jī)器揉的好,采購(gòu)要點(diǎn)就是要大功率,外加靜音,買一些主流品牌就行。
常規(guī)烘培材料
面粉
中餐一般用到的面粉都是中筋面粉,也是我們普通老百姓接觸最多的面粉。家里常做的面條、包子,饅頭、烙餅、餃子等等用到的都是中筋面粉。但烘焙中我們最常見(jiàn)的生日蛋糕或者餅干則是要用低筋面粉,吃的面包則要用高筋面粉。
低筋面粉
水份13.8%,蛋白質(zhì)含量為8.5%以下的面粉。這樣的面粉筋度弱,口感綿軟蓬松,適合做蛋糕,餅干等酥類的糕點(diǎn)。
中筋面粉
蛋白質(zhì)含量為9.5~12.0%。這樣的面粉一般用于中式的面點(diǎn)制作中,就是我們常見(jiàn)的包子饅頭餃子之類的。
高筋面粉
蛋白質(zhì)含量約12.5~13.5%。這樣的面粉筋度高,口感具有韌性,適合做面包之類的糕點(diǎn)。
口感來(lái)說(shuō),低筋面粉酥脆、綿軟;中筋面粉,做面條勁道,做饅頭蓬松;高筋面粉,延展性很好,非常勁道有彈性和嚼感。
黃油
黃油是鮮牛奶加工分離出來(lái)的固態(tài)油脂,營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富脂肪含量很高,在口味上分為加鹽黃油和原味黃油。黃油的用處很多,做蛋糕、面包、餅干、月餅、網(wǎng)紅雪花酥、煎牛排等等都會(huì)用到黃油,平時(shí)可以多買一些放冰箱冷藏。
淡奶油
淡奶油跟黃油一樣是用鮮牛奶提煉出來(lái)的,淡奶油的脂肪含量沒(méi)有黃油高,跟黃油一樣也有植物奶油也叫鮮奶油,植物奶油其實(shí)就是人造奶油。因?yàn)轷r奶油穩(wěn)定性高,適合裱花,價(jià)格便宜所以在普通的蛋糕店里用的基本都是植物奶油。植物奶油非常不利于健康,這也是為什么越來(lái)越多的人自己學(xué)做烘焙的原因,我們想吃到更健康更營(yíng)養(yǎng)的美味,而不是一堆“反式脂肪酸”。所以我們?cè)谥谱骱姹旱倪^(guò)程中,請(qǐng)選擇動(dòng)物性淡奶油。
玉米油
在制作蛋糕的時(shí)候我們會(huì)用到玉米油,很多人問(wèn)能不能用生菜油?不能,氣味大不好吃。建議選擇味道較小的色拉油,玉米油。
玉米淀粉
制作蛋糕,餅干等甜點(diǎn)時(shí)用,家里常備一些。
吉利丁
吉利丁有粉狀的也有片狀的,它是作為一種凝固劑來(lái)使用,一般慕斯蛋糕中用的比較多,也有網(wǎng)友用QQ糖融化了以后來(lái)代替。
抹茶粉、可可粉
在制作抹茶蛋糕或者可可蛋糕時(shí)混入蛋糕糊中使用,也可以制作抹茶餅干,可可餅干等。
酵母
面包發(fā)酵,比如“安琪酵母”。酵母在使用過(guò)程中一定要注意用30度左右的水融化,水溫高則酵母死,水溫低則酵母未化開(kāi),起不了作用。
酵母為活性菌物質(zhì),注意開(kāi)袋后,放在低溫干燥處保存,以免失去活性。
糖
糖分為白砂糖、綿砂糖、糖粉。白砂糖就是我們?cè)诔欣锍R?jiàn)的糖,綿砂糖的顆粒比較細(xì)膩,糖粉是粉末狀的糖中加入了玉米淀粉,用來(lái)做餅干,蛋糕以及裝飾。
烘培種類
蛋糕類
以蛋為主要原料,經(jīng)過(guò)攪打充氣后膨脹,制品成熟后,清香綿軟有彈性。蛋糕類又可分為:清蛋類、油蛋類、復(fù)合型蛋糕、生日蛋糕、樣品蛋糕。蛋糕制品大都附以裝飾,因此是一種富含藝術(shù)性的點(diǎn)心。
面包類
面包類是以面粉為主料,以酵母等為輔料的面團(tuán)經(jīng)發(fā)酵,餳發(fā)而烤制成的產(chǎn)品。如點(diǎn)心面包、主食面包、調(diào)理面包等。面包的生產(chǎn)需要一個(gè)比較暖和的環(huán)境,一般室溫不低于20℃,產(chǎn)品以甜咸口味為主,包括硬質(zhì)面包、軟質(zhì)面包、松質(zhì)面包、脆皮面包。其用途作為三餐主副食均可。
混酥類
混酥類點(diǎn)心是以黃油、面粉、雞蛋、糖為主料調(diào)和成面團(tuán)或面糊,配以各種輔料,制作而成的一類點(diǎn)心。此類點(diǎn)心不分層,口感酥脆。主要產(chǎn)品有排類、撻類、干點(diǎn)類等,如果醬排、椰絲排、奶油曲奇、拉花餅干等。清酥類
以水面和油面互為表里,經(jīng)過(guò)反復(fù)搟疊及冷凍、成型、烘烤等工藝而制成的制品,這種制品具有層次清晰、入口香酥的特點(diǎn)。在烘烤產(chǎn)品中,這類點(diǎn)心很具有特色,很久以來(lái)一直受到消費(fèi)者的青睞。主要產(chǎn)品有酥盒類、果盅類、果排類、酥餅類等,如奶油千層酥、對(duì)角包、水果酥盒、蘋(píng)果排、葡萄蘋(píng)果盅等。
泡芙類
泡芙也稱氣鼓。以雞蛋、油、糖為主料,采用燙制面團(tuán),經(jīng)過(guò)擠糊成型,產(chǎn)品成熟后,體積膨脹數(shù)倍,因其餅殼松脆缺味,主要依靠餡心來(lái)調(diào)味。成品經(jīng)裝飾后,精細(xì)美觀,再配以各色各樣的餡料,使產(chǎn)品外脆里糯,綿軟香甜,滋潤(rùn)可口,很受消費(fèi)者的歡迎。
冷凍點(diǎn)心類
冷凍點(diǎn)心一般指以糖、牛奶、雞蛋、水果、明膠為原料,經(jīng)攪拌冷凍或冷凍攪拌制作而成的一類甜食,適用于午餐、晚餐的餐后甜食或非用餐時(shí)閑食。
巧克力類
指直接使用巧克力或以巧克力為原料,配以奶油、果仁、酒類等調(diào)制成的產(chǎn)品。
制作技巧
烘焙初學(xué)者升階之途需遵循由簡(jiǎn)至難,餅干—蛋糕—西點(diǎn)—面包。
餅干制作
烘焙初學(xué)者一般都是會(huì)從最容易的餅干下手。餅干非常好的一點(diǎn)便是通過(guò)率很高,只需調(diào)節(jié)好家用烤箱的溫度和時(shí)間,取得成功冒著香味的餅干總是能讓初學(xué)者信心十足。
餅干應(yīng)該是每個(gè)人最愛(ài)吃的零食榜單里的前十了!甜的咸的、巧克力味的草莓味的、薄脆的夾心的、硬的軟的...總有一款是你的愛(ài)。今天就來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)幾款常規(guī)餅干的做法吧!
蔓越莓餅干
主料:低筋面粉(含蛋配方)110g、黃油(含蛋配方)70g、雞蛋液(含蛋配方)12g、蔓越莓干(含蛋配方)35g、糖粉(含蛋配方)50g。
輔料:低筋面粉(無(wú)蛋配方)185g、黃油(無(wú)蛋配方)100g、牛奶(無(wú)蛋配方)15ml(14~15g)、蔓越莓干(無(wú)蛋配方)50g、糖粉(無(wú)蛋配方)75g。
做法步驟:1、黃油切小塊,室溫軟化,稍微攪打幾下。
2、加糖粉,繼續(xù)攪打均勻至顏色變淺,體積膨大(糖粉加進(jìn)去可以用刮刀和黃油稍微拌幾下,不然糖粉容易濺出來(lái)~)。
3、將蛋液分2-3次分別加入,確保每加依次雞蛋液前都攪打均勻。(做無(wú)蛋版本的把這個(gè)蛋液用牛奶替換哈)
4、將低筋面粉篩入,用刮刀稍微攪拌均勻。
5、蔓越莓干倒入,并攪拌均勻。
6、將面團(tuán)撮成條放入模具中整形,沒(méi)有模具的可以直接撮成長(zhǎng)條做成圓的,放入冰箱凍約2小時(shí)左右,凍硬就好,具體看實(shí)際情況哈,別凍太硬會(huì)不好切的。
7、好的面團(tuán)取出,切約7mm的厚片,排入烤盤(pán),放入預(yù)熱好160度左右的烤箱中烘烤約22-23分鐘左右,表面稍稍上色即可,烤好出爐晾涼~(如果怕烤焦,可以把溫度改低一點(diǎn),稍微延長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)時(shí)間,最后的時(shí)間可以自己稍微看著點(diǎn),也更不容易過(guò)火,覺(jué)得顏色太淺稍微調(diào)高一點(diǎn)溫度直至合適就可以了)。
牛奶餅干
主料:無(wú)鹽黃油80g、糖粉60g、普通面粉115g、玉米淀粉65g、奶粉40g、雞蛋1個(gè)(去殼重約50g)。
做法步驟:
1、無(wú)鹽黃油軟化后加糖粉打至發(fā)白,加入雞蛋攪打均勻。
2、篩入混合粉類(面粉、淀粉、奶粉)拌成團(tuán)。
3、分成小劑子,搓成球,用叉子按壓。
4、垂直之前紋路的方向再按壓一次形成格子紋,完成所有生坯,送入預(yù)熱好170℃的烤箱中烤20分鐘即可。
巧克力軟曲奇
主料:黃油70g、紅糖20g、白砂糖8g、巧克力碎或者巧克力豆10g、熱水30ml、低筋面粉100g。
做法步驟:
1、黃油室溫軟化。紅糖10g和熱水30ml混合,變成紅糖水備用。
2、用打蛋器,打發(fā),邊打邊加入10g紅糖和8g白砂糖。打發(fā)到黃油成羽狀即可。加入一半紅糖水,篩入一半面粉。用橡皮刀拌勻。繼續(xù)加紅糖水和面粉,拌勻成泥狀。
3、用裱花袋擠出圓形面糊,用勺子壓扁。成4cm左右,兩塊餅干中間留足空隙。等下還會(huì)看膨脹。
4、上下火180°,12分鐘左右。
紅糖燕麥餅干
食材:植物油40g、紅糖30g、水50ml、燕麥片100g、低筋面粉80g、黑芝麻25g、椰蓉25g。
做法步驟:
1、紅糖用50毫升熱開(kāi)水融化。
2、低筋面粉過(guò)篩,和黑芝麻、椰蓉以及燕麥混合均勻好。
3、所有的食材放在一起,混合均勻至沒(méi)有干面粉。
4、烤盤(pán)上面鋪上錫紙,把面粉團(tuán)壓扁,大概0.5厘米的厚度。
5、烤箱180度中層,上下火15分鐘,出爐冷卻后就能吃啦,味道超級(jí)好。
咖啡核桃餅干
食材:三合一速溶咖啡粉2勺、植物油5g、低筋面粉120g、紅糖30g、泡打粉0.5g、核桃50g、全蛋液60g。
做法步驟:
1、核桃去殼后對(duì)半掰開(kāi),不要弄碎。
2、紅糖壓細(xì)一點(diǎn),把所有的食材混合均勻,揉至沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)干面。
3、把揉好的面團(tuán)揉成如圖所示的形狀,有點(diǎn)像歐包吧哈哈,放入冰箱冷凍1小時(shí)左右。
4、取出面團(tuán),切成1厘米左右厚的餅干片,放入烤箱175度25-30分鐘即可,香香的帶著堅(jiān)果味好棒。
瑪格麗特餅干
食材:低筋面粉50g、紅薯淀粉50g、無(wú)鹽黃油40g、雞蛋液10g、鹽0.5g、雞蛋黃1個(gè)、糖粉20g。
做法步驟:
1、紅薯粉和低筋面粉過(guò)篩,加入糖粉,黃油室溫軟化或者隔水融化。
2、一個(gè)雞蛋煮熟以后(大概中火10分鐘),取出蛋黃,用拇指按壓蛋黃過(guò)篩,過(guò)篩以后還真是蠻漂亮的嘛。
3、把黃油、打散的雞蛋液以及鹽混合均勻,放入冰箱冷藏1小時(shí)。
4、冷藏一小時(shí)后取出面團(tuán),會(huì)有一點(diǎn)硬,不要擔(dān)心,把面團(tuán)分成小塊揉一下就軟了,再慢慢搓成小球。
5、趁小球還比較柔軟的時(shí)候用大拇指壓成餅,裂的不均勻或者不好看可以重新壓一下。
6、放入烤箱170度上下火中層烤15分鐘搞定。
紅茶餅干
食材:低筋面粉115g、無(wú)鹽黃油65g、雞蛋液15g、紅茶碎7g、泡打粉1g、細(xì)砂糖35g。
做法步驟:
1、紅茶用攪拌機(jī)打碎。
2、粉類過(guò)篩后,把所有食材混合均勻至沒(méi)有干面粉。
3、把面團(tuán)放入冷凍室1小時(shí)后切片,0.8厘米左右,入烤箱中層180度15分鐘。
4、茶葉的清香味有點(diǎn)頭疼的時(shí)候聞著真的很舒服啊,超級(jí)喜歡。
注意事項(xiàng)
烤箱預(yù)熱
烤箱一定要預(yù)熱,烤箱在烘烤之前,必須提前將溫度旋鈕調(diào)至需要的溫度,打開(kāi)開(kāi)關(guān)空燒一段時(shí)間,使產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入烤箱時(shí)就能達(dá)到所需要的溫度??鞠漕A(yù)熱的動(dòng)作,可使餅干面團(tuán)迅速定型,并且也能保持較好的口感??鞠漕A(yù)熱是非常重要的烘焙常識(shí),一定不要忘記。烤箱的容積越大,所需的預(yù)熱時(shí)間就越長(zhǎng),大約5-10分鐘不等。
面糊的拌和
當(dāng)所有的粉類全部過(guò)篩到黃油糊中以后,用橡皮刮刀要以不規(guī)則的方向來(lái)切拌、翻拌面糊,或是從下往上翻拌的形式。不要畫(huà)圈攪拌,以免產(chǎn)生過(guò)多的面筋。
正確的烘烤方式
烘烤前,烤箱需要預(yù)熱到指定的溫度,一般5-8分鐘即可。這樣會(huì)讓餅干在入烤箱的瞬間達(dá)到指定的烘烤溫度,讓餅干瞬間膨脹,口感形狀都更好。出爐后的餅干放涼后,如果還是沒(méi)有酥脆的口感,或者感覺(jué)中間發(fā)軟,那就是時(shí)間還不夠,可用150度的溫度再烤幾分鐘。
少量多次加蛋液
油水不分離大家或許會(huì)認(rèn)為材料一次通通加入攪拌似乎比較省事,其實(shí),有些材料是必須少量多次的與其他材料混合才更好。比如在黃油和糖混合打松發(fā)之后,雞蛋需先打散成蛋液后再分2-4次加入,而且每加入一次都要使蛋液充分的被黃油吸收完全后再加入下一次。因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)雞蛋里大約含有74%的水分,如果一次將所有的蛋液全部倒入奶油糊里,油脂和水分不容易結(jié)合,容易造成油水分離,攪合拌勻會(huì)非常吃力。切記,材料分次加入才能使成品的口感更加細(xì)致美味。
規(guī)格統(tǒng)一
形狀的要求無(wú)論是手工塑形的餅干,還是切割類的餅干,或者是薄脆餅干以及擠花類的餅干,都要求同一烤盤(pán)的餅干大小、薄厚、形狀基本一致,這樣才能夠均勻受熱,成熟時(shí)間相同。
做好保存
手工餅干的保存完全冷卻后應(yīng)盡快裝入保鮮盒或保鮮袋中,因?yàn)轱灨蓵?huì)吸收濕氣而變軟,室溫下可以保存10天-12天。如果有回軟的現(xiàn)象,可以用低溫(150度)烘烤幾分鐘,就會(huì)恢復(fù)原有的口感。也可以放入冰箱冷凍室冷凍幾小時(shí),也可以恢復(fù)口感。
蛋糕制作
蛋糕是一種古老的西點(diǎn),一般是由烤箱制作的,蛋糕是用雞蛋、白糖、小麥粉為主要原料。以牛奶、果汁、奶粉、香粉、色拉油、水,起酥油、泡打粉為輔料,經(jīng)過(guò)攪拌、調(diào)制、烘烤后制成一種像海綿的點(diǎn)心。蛋糕通常以甜味為主,典型的蛋糕是以烤的方式制作出來(lái)。蛋糕的材料主要包括了面粉、甜味劑(通常是蔗糖)、黏合劑(一般是雞蛋,素食主義者可用面筋和淀粉代替)、起酥油(一般是牛油或人造牛油,低脂肪含量的蛋糕會(huì)以濃縮果汁代替),液體(牛奶,水或果汁),香精和發(fā)酵劑(例如酵母或者發(fā)酵粉)。
蛋糕分類
按照蛋糕坯子分類:
1、海綿蛋糕(SpongeCake),主要是利用雞蛋打進(jìn)空氣,經(jīng)過(guò)烘焙使空氣受熱膨脹而把蛋糕撐大。這類蛋糕可以不加油脂質(zhì)地柔軟故又稱清蛋糕,是最早出現(xiàn)的蛋糕。常溫:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低溫冷藏。
2、戚風(fēng)蛋糕(ChiffonCake),戚風(fēng)蛋糕是乳沫類和面糊類蛋糕改良綜合而成的。制作時(shí)蛋白、蛋黃須分開(kāi),分別打發(fā),最后才混勻。其組織最為膨松,水分多而味道清淡不膩,十分受人歡迎。市面上蛋糕店大多用這坯子。常溫:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低溫冷藏。
3、布丁蛋糕,主要是采用黃油、雞蛋、白糖、牛奶為主要原料配以各式輔料,通過(guò)冷藏或烤制而成的一種歐式蛋糕。夏季要低溫冷藏,冬季無(wú)需冷藏可保存3-5天。
4、慕思蛋糕,是用明膠凝結(jié)乳酪及鮮奶油而成,不必烘烤即可食用。是現(xiàn)今高級(jí)蛋糕的代表。夏季要低溫冷藏,冬季無(wú)需冷藏可保存3-5天。
5、天使蛋糕(AngelFood Cake),屬于乳沫類蛋糕,只用無(wú)油脂成分的蛋白部分,毫不油膩而且有彈性,非常爽口,其成品清爽雪白,仿佛安琪兒的食物,故稱之為“天使蛋糕”。因?yàn)樗缓椭c膽固醇,特別適合于怕胖或有心血管疾病的人。是一種健康點(diǎn)心。常溫:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低溫冷藏。
6、芝士蛋糕(CheeseCake),主要是采用多量的乳酪做成的高級(jí)蛋糕。是現(xiàn)今高級(jí)蛋糕的代表,亦是美食家的新寵。市面售價(jià)非常昂貴,需低溫冷藏。
7、面糊類蛋糕(battertype cake),主要是采用大量的固體油脂,故又稱油蛋糕。又分基本奶油蛋糕和重奶油蛋糕。常溫:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低溫冷藏。
按照裱花材料分類:
1、鮮奶油蛋糕,鮮奶油是植物性油脂,主要從大豆提煉,爽而不膩,營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富,深受人們喜愛(ài)。
2、水果蛋糕,一般名牌蛋糕店制做鮮奶油蛋糕時(shí),坯子切三層,加水果、加酒?,F(xiàn)在一般說(shuō)的水果蛋糕主要是鮮奶油蛋糕上擺上水果。
3、巧克力蛋糕,主要是戚風(fēng)蛋糕坯子上澆鑄融化的巧克力而成。
4、冰激凌蛋糕,用冰激凌代替鮮奶油。按用處可分為:生日、祝壽、生肖、婚慶等。
蛋糕種類和做法很多,今天教大家?guī)卓畛R?guī)蛋糕做法。
彩虹蛋糕
主料:低筋面粉120g、白砂糖170g、雞蛋6個(gè)、色拉油65g、淡奶油500g、食用色素(6色適量)、牛奶65g。
做法步驟:
1、準(zhǔn)備好材料,然后準(zhǔn)備模具,一般非專業(yè)級(jí)的同一款蛋糕模都不會(huì)有很多,所以得自己做模具了,用蛋糕模為參照,用錫紙做出一個(gè)錫紙模,做好6個(gè),修剪邊緣即可待用。
2、分離蛋白蛋黃,分好的蛋白和蛋黃分別裝不同的打蛋盆中。
3、白砂糖30g加入蛋黃中,用手動(dòng)打蛋器打至糖溶化。
4、加入色拉油和牛奶,繼續(xù)攪拌成油水混合。
5、篩入低筋面粉,拌勻成蛋黃糊待用。
6、蛋白的盆里加幾滴檸檬汁(沒(méi)有可不加),分3次加入90g白砂糖,(可邊打邊加)用電動(dòng)打蛋器打至硬性發(fā)泡,提起打蛋器有堅(jiān)挺的角。
7、打好的蛋白霜用刮刀挖一勺到蛋黃糊盆中,從底部向上翻拌均勻。
8、翻拌好的蛋黃糊全部倒入到蛋白霜中繼續(xù)翻拌均勻,蛋糕糊就做好了,接下來(lái)上色。
9、把蛋糕糊分裝入不同的碗中,加入食用色素,翻拌均勻,(一次能烤幾個(gè)就先調(diào)幾個(gè)色,其它的蛋糕糊放冰箱)。
10、調(diào)好顏色的蛋糕糊倒入準(zhǔn)備好的錫紙模中,放入烤盤(pán)入烤箱,中層,140度,烤14分鐘,根據(jù)同樣的方法做另外幾個(gè)顏色。
11、烤好后的蛋糕片撕掉錫紙倒扣在烤網(wǎng)上散熱。
12、500g動(dòng)物奶油加50g白砂糖,隔冰水用電動(dòng)打蛋器打硬成奶油呈明顯紋路。
13、打好的奶油各挖出一點(diǎn)用食用色素調(diào)好裝入裱花袋中備用,顏色和蛋糕片的顏色一致。
14、徹底涼透的蛋糕片休整掉不整齊的,然后一片一片的疊起來(lái),中間加奶油。
15、中間奶油抹好,然后就是蛋糕抹面了,和平時(shí)其它的奶油蛋糕一樣抹,抹好在頂部做彩虹。
16、裱花袋剪掉綠豆大的孔(不會(huì)把握的可以先剪一點(diǎn)擠出來(lái)看大小不夠再剪)然后按顏色擠在上面就成了漂亮的彩虹了。
芒果千層蛋糕
主料:低筋面粉、雞蛋、糖粉、黃油、牛奶、淡奶油、芒果、細(xì)砂糖。
做法步驟:
1、雞蛋打散,加入糖粉拌勻,不要打發(fā),加入牛奶拌勻成稀面糊。
2、黃油隔水融化成液態(tài),倒入面糊中拌勻,面糊過(guò)篩,放入冰箱冷藏靜置半小時(shí)。
3、平底鍋涂一層薄薄的油,加熱,舀一勺面糊(約70毫升)煎凝固,不要翻面。
4、依此煎好面糊,大約12塊,放涼待用。
5、取一干凈容器,倒入奶油和糖,打發(fā)。
6、芒果洗凈取肉。
7、把未煎的一面朝上,鋪上打發(fā)好的奶油,一次制做兩層,從第三層到第六層每層都鋪上奶油,再鋪芒果肉,再鋪奶油,然后把下一層餅皮鋪上。
8、做最后一層時(shí),先在蛋糕體四周裹上煎餅,然后鋪上奶油,覆蓋最后一片班戟即可。
酸奶蛋糕
食材:酸奶270g、低筋面粉90g、玉米淀粉25g、白砂糖60g、雞蛋4個(gè)
做法步驟:
1、將蛋清和蛋黃分離,然后把蛋黃放到酸奶中。
2、把酸奶和蛋黃攪拌勻。
3、把低筋面粉和玉米淀粉篩到酸奶糊中,將面糊攪拌勻。
4、打發(fā)蛋清。先往蛋清中放入幾滴檸檬汁或者白醋,再分三次加入白砂糖,用電動(dòng)打蛋器將蛋白打發(fā)至大彎勾狀態(tài)。(在打發(fā)蛋清的時(shí)候,要將烤箱提前預(yù)熱上,上下火110度,15分鐘)。
5、分三次將蛋白放入到面糊中,將面糊和蛋白翻拌勻(一定是翻拌哦,千萬(wàn)不要?jiǎng)澣?,那樣容易使蛋白消泡)?/p>
6、蛋糕糊翻拌好,將蛋糕糊倒到兩個(gè)模具中,然后用力振幾下,振出氣泡。
7、將蛋糕放到預(yù)熱好的烤箱,然后在烤盤(pán)中倒入適量的清水,接下為上下火110烤120分鐘。烤好后不要急著取出,要在烤箱中燜40分鐘左右。最后取出晾涼即可脫模。
注意事項(xiàng)
選擇新鮮的雞蛋
在購(gòu)買雞蛋時(shí)要挑選蛋殼完整,表面粗糙的蛋較新鮮,若將蛋置于冰箱冷藏,應(yīng)該在烹調(diào)前先將蛋取出置于室溫下再行應(yīng)用,制作蛋糕時(shí)若是須將蛋黃與蛋白分離一定要分的非常干凈,若是蛋白中夾有蛋黃則蛋白就打不發(fā)。
蛋白的打法
蛋白要打得好一定用要干凈的容器最好是不銹鋼制的打蛋盆,容器中不能沾油,不能有水及蛋白中不能夾有蛋黃
秤量要精確
作西點(diǎn)時(shí)秤量是很重要的一定要量的非常精確,因?yàn)檫@可是烘焙成功的第一步。
面粉的使用
所有的粉類使用前都應(yīng)先以篩子過(guò)篩,將面粉置于篩網(wǎng)上,一手持篩網(wǎng),一手在邊上輕輕拍打使面粉由空中飄落入鋼盆中。
奶油的打法
冰凍的奶油的打法:冰凍的奶油是無(wú)法制作蛋糕的,所以在使用前必須事先將它放在室溫下使其軟化到用手指輕壓奶油即會(huì)凹陷的程度即可。
鮮奶油的打法:最好是使用鋁箔包裝或是桶裝的液態(tài)鮮奶油來(lái)制作,雖然金屬罐裝的鮮奶油使用上較方便,但是在售價(jià)上不僅較貴且質(zhì)地也較粗,并不適合拿來(lái)做涂抹,鮮奶油使用前須要先搖幾下或用筷子拌一下,再用電動(dòng)攪拌器打到出現(xiàn)如波浪狀的稠度即可。
材料混合的方法
不論是要混合什么樣的材料都須分次加入而不是將所有材料全部加入,這樣才能使成品細(xì)致又美味。
正確的烘烤方式
烤箱在烘烤前一定要先預(yù)熱到所須的溫度,體積大的蛋糕須用低溫長(zhǎng)時(shí)間烘焙,烘烤時(shí)若擔(dān)心外表烤的太焦可將蛋糕表皮烤至金黃色后在表面覆蓋上一層鋁箔紙來(lái)隔開(kāi)上火。
烤模的使用方法
烤蛋糕時(shí)的烤模在使用前須先涂抹一層薄薄的奶油再灑上一層高筋面粉或是先用防沾紙鋪在烤模內(nèi)部烤好的蛋糕才不會(huì)沾粘,餅干壓模制作時(shí)須先灑上面粉則壓好的餅干才容易取下。
法式西點(diǎn)的做法
餅干、蛋糕學(xué)會(huì)后,可以再漸漸地深層次研究法式風(fēng)格西點(diǎn)、朱古力控溫、淋面、噴砂手藝這些。給大家介紹幾款經(jīng)典西點(diǎn)做法。
舒芙蕾(Souffle)
舒芙蕾,又稱蛋奶酥、梳乎厘,是于中世紀(jì)誕生的法國(guó)著名甜點(diǎn)。法文的“Souffle”就是吹氣的意思??竞玫氖孳嚼僖M快品嘗,否則會(huì)很快就塌??诟休p盈如云朵,入口似有似無(wú),卻滿嘴乳香。
食材:低筋面粉30g、蛋黃2個(gè)、蛋白2個(gè)、鮮奶40ml、細(xì)砂糖20g、無(wú)鹽黃油或食用油少許、開(kāi)水少許。
做法步驟:
1、用黃油先將碗壁內(nèi)擦一遍,之后撒上細(xì)砂糖,待用。
2、牛奶+黃油+20g糖+幾滴香草精倒入奶鍋中煮至微沸,離火。
3、低粉篩入牛奶中,攪拌均勻。
4、蛋黃、蛋清分離在2個(gè)干凈的碗中。
5、將奶糊慢慢倒入蛋黃中,一邊倒一邊快速攪拌,防止蛋黃燙熟。
6、攪拌均勻的蛋黃糊過(guò)篩倒入奶鍋中,篩出低粉顆粒,可用刮刀壓散即可。之后重新回爐煮。
7、小火,一邊煮一邊攪拌,不能停,否則會(huì)糊。
8、煮好的蛋黃糊,細(xì)膩、粘稠、表面有光澤,放一邊待用。
9、15g糖分3次加入蛋白中,打發(fā)至接近干性發(fā)泡,就是小啾啾頂端有個(gè)細(xì)小彎鉤。
10、蛋白和蛋黃糊分3次均勻翻拌混合。
11、混合好的蛋糊,烤箱預(yù)熱180度。
12、放進(jìn)烤箱中層,烤18分鐘,然后出爐撒上糖粉。
拿破侖Mille Feuilles
拿破侖是法國(guó)的經(jīng)典甜品,好幾層的酥皮夾上卡仕達(dá)醬組合而成的。
食材:【蛋糕底材料】富強(qiáng)粉750g、鮮蛋2公斤、白砂糖900g、粟粉150g
【水油酥皮】富強(qiáng)粉700g、豬油350g、鮮蛋150g、奶油忌林糖800g、香蘭素適量
做法步驟:
1、將千層派皮用搟面棍搟平放入抹了油的烤盤(pán)中。
2、將派皮表面用叉子搓洞后,放入冰箱冷藏松弛約1小時(shí)。
3、蛋黃與細(xì)砂糖(50g)用打泡器攪拌至淡黃色。
4、加入融化的無(wú)鹽牛油、牛奶、香草精拌勻,再放入已篩的低筋面粉與泡打粉輕輕拌勻。
5、將蛋白打起泡后,分次加入細(xì)砂糖(60g)繼續(xù)打至偏干性發(fā)泡,再分次加入蛋黃液中拌勻。
6、取一個(gè)干凈的烤盤(pán)鋪上烤盤(pán)墊紙,將材料倒入并用軟刮板抹平。
7、放入烤箱180/150℃烘烤約20~25分鐘取出放涼,即為蛋糕體。
8、將千層派皮,放入已預(yù)熱200/200℃烤箱烘烤約50分鐘。
馬卡龍
馬卡龍意思是一種用蛋白、杏仁粉、白砂糖和糖霜制作,并夾有水果醬或奶油的法式甜點(diǎn)。馬卡龍口感豐富、外脆內(nèi)柔,外觀五彩繽紛、精致小巧。
食材:杏仁粉40g,糖粉40g,蛋白33g,白糖22g、奶油奶酪35g,黃油15g,糖粉15g。
做法步驟:
1、把奶油奶酪和黃油切成小塊,室溫軟化成膏狀,篩入糖粉。
2、用電動(dòng)打蛋器打發(fā)均勻。用保鮮膜貼面蓋起來(lái),放冰箱冷藏。
3、將糖粉和杏仁粉過(guò)篩。
4、在蛋白中加入22g白糖,用電動(dòng)打蛋器打發(fā)至硬性狀態(tài)。如果想做帶顏色的就滴一滴食用色素,打發(fā)均勻即可。
5、把蛋白霜放到糖粉和杏仁粉的混合物中,用翻拌的方法混合均勻。剛開(kāi)始不好翻拌也用壓拌的方法先將它們混合在一起。用刮刀舀起一些粉糊,粉糊呈緞帶狀落下。
6、裝進(jìn)裱花袋里,擠在烤盤(pán)上。輕摔幾下烤盤(pán),震出里面的氣泡,用牙簽將沒(méi)有震破的氣泡挑開(kāi)。
7、烤箱開(kāi)熱風(fēng)功能,上下火70度,把烤盤(pán)放進(jìn)去進(jìn)行晾皮,時(shí)間大概是20-30分鐘。晾皮的時(shí)候可以打開(kāi)烤箱用手觸摸表面,表面有彈性又不粘手就是晾好皮了。
8、晾好皮后把烤盤(pán)取出來(lái),對(duì)烤箱進(jìn)行預(yù)熱,上下火170度,預(yù)熱好后把烤箱放進(jìn)去,烘烤7分鐘左右,然后上下火調(diào)成120度烘烤13分鐘左右。時(shí)間和溫度僅供參考,大家根據(jù)自家的烤箱脾氣進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)??傮w上來(lái)說(shuō)是先用高溫把裙邊烤出來(lái),然后再用低溫烤熟內(nèi)部。
9、冷卻后把夾餡填充上即可。放冰箱冷藏后味道更好。
面包的做法
相對(duì)餅干、蛋糕來(lái)說(shuō),面包從選面粉到和面再到發(fā)酵,再到二次發(fā)酵,每一道工序都關(guān)乎成功的關(guān)鍵,每一個(gè)步驟都是新手必學(xué)的重點(diǎn),那今天我們就來(lái)看看,學(xué)做烘焙必須的三個(gè)步驟。
和面、攪面
做面包烘焙,首先第一個(gè)步驟,是和面,而在西點(diǎn)烘焙中,最主要的是攪面。面包制作常選用高筋面粉,其含有極高的蛋白質(zhì),而做烘焙,一般不是人工手動(dòng)和面,一般都是使用面包機(jī)或者是廚師機(jī)來(lái)完成,機(jī)器不停的攪拌。
在機(jī)器攪拌過(guò)程中,把面粉中的筋度一步一步加強(qiáng),直到攪拌面團(tuán)可以形成一層薄膜,用手能輕易的拉出透光的膜,用手指捅不易破裂,這個(gè)時(shí)候的面團(tuán)就達(dá)到了完全階段,那制作面包烘焙的第一個(gè)重要步驟也就算完成,面粉筋度達(dá)到最強(qiáng),那制作出來(lái)的面包也就更有彈性。
發(fā)酵
西點(diǎn)烘焙發(fā)酵和中式面食發(fā)酵很大程度相同,但有小部分是有區(qū)別的,一樣的是需要進(jìn)行三個(gè)步驟。第一次發(fā)酵,發(fā)酵之后醒面,醒面之后再進(jìn)行二次發(fā)酵,二次發(fā)酵完成后即可完成整個(gè)發(fā)酵過(guò)程,這個(gè)過(guò)程對(duì)于整個(gè)烘焙來(lái)說(shuō)是極為重要的。
首先我們來(lái)講講第一次發(fā)酵,第一次發(fā)酵,可以用面包機(jī)來(lái)定時(shí)發(fā)酵,但這個(gè)適合冬天,因?yàn)樽匀粶囟容^低,但是如果是夏天,空氣溫度足夠,(大概室溫達(dá)到25度的時(shí)候)那就可以完全采用自然發(fā)酵,但如果室溫低于20度的時(shí)候,那就不得不在面包機(jī)中發(fā)酵。在面包機(jī)總,一般發(fā)酵一個(gè)小時(shí)即可,面團(tuán)在第一次發(fā)酵的過(guò)程中,慢慢從面粉變成了有生命力的組織,使面團(tuán)有了味道,發(fā)酵賦與了面粉活力。
其次我們來(lái)講講醒面,第一次發(fā)酵完成之后,要注意把面粉中的空氣排除,讓分割后的面團(tuán)面筋松弛,使后面的整形變的容易進(jìn)行,所以必須要來(lái)一次醒發(fā)過(guò)程,其實(shí)這個(gè)過(guò)程很簡(jiǎn)單,在第一次發(fā)酵后,面團(tuán)一般會(huì)漲至兩倍左右大,只要用手指蘸上面粉戳一個(gè)深洞,洞口不發(fā)生塌陷,也不回縮,即一發(fā)完成。
醒面過(guò)程完成之后,我們就進(jìn)行二次發(fā)酵,二次發(fā)酵比第一次發(fā)酵所需溫度要高,通常20-30攝氏度適合,太低面團(tuán)變硬,并且影響發(fā)面速度,而太高,面團(tuán)則會(huì)更軟塌,雖然時(shí)間會(huì)更快。所以二發(fā)不但要有20至35的溫度,還要有85%濕度來(lái)使得面團(tuán)表皮不失水,所以一般我們都依靠烤箱來(lái)完成二發(fā),進(jìn)入烤箱二發(fā)的時(shí)候,烤盤(pán)下面要加一碗約40度熱水,尤其是到了冬天,熱水冷掉了要拿出從新替換,使得最后發(fā)酵達(dá)到最完美的效果,時(shí)間約40分鐘至50分鐘。
烘烤
這是第三個(gè)重要的步驟,一般大家都知道,為了讓面包看起來(lái)更加有光澤有食欲,一般會(huì)在面包表面刷上一層蛋液,另外就是關(guān)于烤面包的需要掌握的火候,而烤面包的火候也有三個(gè)步驟,就是“先低、后高、再低”的不同火候,這樣可以烤制出合乎質(zhì)量要求的面包,但是要特別注意視情況而定。
關(guān)于火的三個(gè)階斷
一般是這樣,第一階段上火要低(120℃左右),底火要高(不超過(guò)250~260℃),這樣既可以避免面包表面很快定形,又能使面包膨脹適度。第二階段上火、底火都要高,上火可達(dá)270℃,底火不超過(guò)270~300℃,使面包定形。第三階段逐步將上火降為180~200℃,底火降為140~160℃,命名面包表面焦化,形成鮮明色澤,并提高香味。
面包種類和做法很多,今天教大家?guī)卓畛R?guī)面包做法:
堅(jiān)果大列巴面包
食材:面包粉400g、奶粉15g、酵母8g、鹽4g、綿白糖65g、牛奶200g、雞蛋1個(gè)、色拉油25g、黃油25g、堅(jiān)果仁150g。
做法步驟:
1、準(zhǔn)備好所有食材。
2、除了黃油、堅(jiān)果之外,按先液體后固體的順序,將材料放到揉面桶中,揉至擴(kuò)展階段,加入黃油后,再揉至完全擴(kuò)展階段,可拉出的薄膜不易破,洞眼邊緣呈光滑狀態(tài)。
3、面團(tuán)整理成光滑面團(tuán),放至溫暖處發(fā)酵,約28度左右,濕度為75%,發(fā)酵至2倍大,手沾面粉,面團(tuán)扎眼不回縮。
4、面團(tuán)再次揉搓排氣,分成兩等份。
5、取一個(gè)面團(tuán)搟開(kāi),平鋪上適量的干果,卷起后放于烤盤(pán)上,進(jìn)行二次發(fā)酵,涮上蛋液,烤箱200度預(yù)熱,轉(zhuǎn)170度上下火烤35分鐘。
淡奶蛋白吐司
食材:高粉280g、酵母3.5g、綿白糖23g、淡奶油60g、蛋清80g、鹽3g、無(wú)鹽黃油15g、清水70g
做法步驟:
1、除了黃油之外,食材按使方法先液體后固體順序放到面桶中,揉至擴(kuò)展階段后加入軟化的黃油,再揉于完全擴(kuò)展階段,可拉出薄膜且不易破。
2、面團(tuán)收?qǐng)A后蓋好進(jìn)行發(fā)酵至2倍大,再次揉搓光滑,分成三等分,醒發(fā)15分鐘后,搟成長(zhǎng)舌狀,從一邊卷起。
3、取一個(gè)面團(tuán)再次搟成長(zhǎng)舌狀,卷起后放到吐司模具中,進(jìn)行二次發(fā)酵至9分滿,涮上蛋液,預(yù)熱后,上下火170度烤5分鐘,轉(zhuǎn)165度烤35分鐘,后期上色后可蓋上錫紙。
酸奶紫薯毛毛蟲(chóng)面包
食材:高筋面粉250g、奶粉15g、酵母3g、細(xì)砂糖25g、精鹽2g、雞蛋1個(gè)、純牛奶140g、無(wú)鹽黃油25g、卡仕達(dá)醬、無(wú)鹽黃油50g、清水50g、低筋面粉50g、全蛋液80g、紫薯泥200g、酸奶100g。
做法步驟:
1、面團(tuán)食材除了黃油之外,所有材料混合制作成發(fā)面團(tuán),分成6份,醒15分鐘,取一個(gè)面團(tuán)搟開(kāi),一邊搟薄后卷起。
2、制作卡仕達(dá)醬,將黃油50g、清水50g燒開(kāi)后,加入低粉50g,攪拌均勻后關(guān)火,稍微放至溫度,分次加入雞蛋液,攪拌至光滑細(xì)膩的面糊。
3、面包二次發(fā)酵結(jié)束后涮上雞蛋液,用裱花袋擠上卡仕達(dá)醬,烤箱預(yù)熱后上下火180烤18分鐘。
注意事項(xiàng)
面包機(jī)揉面一定要到位
選擇3個(gè)和面程序,才能將面團(tuán)揉到完全擴(kuò)展,這樣做出來(lái)的面包比較松軟,口感比較好。整個(gè)流程,需要花費(fèi)60分鐘。
發(fā)酵時(shí)要控制好溫度
第一次發(fā)酵所需溫度為28℃—29℃,發(fā)酵時(shí)間通常不是固定的,主要視發(fā)酵情況而定。在面包桶內(nèi)灑些水,控制好溫度,發(fā)酵出來(lái)的面包口感好,不易焦。
烘烤一定要把握住火候
面包烘烤是做面包的重要緩解,需要把握好烘烤時(shí)間,選擇中等的顏色。如果喜歡吃酥一點(diǎn),顏色選擇深色,這樣面包烤出來(lái)會(huì)焦一點(diǎn)。如果選擇淺色,面包顏色較淡,時(shí)間不低于35分鐘。
原材料選擇及面粉與液體的比例
面粉和液體的比例為3:1,和好面后,面粉一定要使用高筋面粉。通酵母發(fā)酵時(shí)間長(zhǎng)要3個(gè)小時(shí)以上,發(fā)酵在2小時(shí)內(nèi)完成。如果添加果料,一次性加,不要分太多次。
學(xué)習(xí)途徑
學(xué)烘培可以去專業(yè)的烘焙學(xué)校,或者是去一些品牌面包店做學(xué)徒,也可以在網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行了解自學(xué)。
蛋糕烘焙房
去蛋糕烘焙房學(xué)徒可以接觸到各式各樣的西點(diǎn)產(chǎn)品,在工作過(guò)程中師傅會(huì)教一些技能知識(shí)給你,但是自己動(dòng)手實(shí)操的機(jī)會(huì)是非常少的,所以學(xué)習(xí)起來(lái)較慢。
專業(yè)的蛋糕烘焙學(xué)校
專業(yè)的西點(diǎn)培訓(xùn)學(xué)校會(huì)教多種不同西點(diǎn)制作工藝,以及市場(chǎng)流行產(chǎn)品,還有各種網(wǎng)紅流行西點(diǎn)制作。也有一系列的開(kāi)店的相關(guān)知識(shí)就教給學(xué)員。所以想開(kāi)店創(chuàng)業(yè)或者沒(méi)有基礎(chǔ)想學(xué)烘焙,建議去專業(yè)的蛋糕烘焙學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。
自學(xué)
自學(xué)是最省時(shí)而且學(xué)習(xí)成本最低的學(xué)習(xí)方法。但是一定要堅(jiān)持,切忌“三天打魚(yú),兩天曬網(wǎng)”。
必看書(shū)籍推薦
《食物與廚藝》——哈洛德·馬基,比較側(cè)重理論。
《專業(yè)烘焙》(第3版)——韋恩·吉斯倫,理論與食譜相結(jié)合。
《學(xué)徒面包師》——彼得·萊因哈特,理論與食譜相結(jié)合
烘培app推薦
下廚房
這個(gè)我想大家應(yīng)該所有了解,學(xué)做菜基本都會(huì)下載的APP,里面有各種各樣的做菜教程。烘焙達(dá)人也會(huì)在上面寫(xiě)一些烘焙配方,教授各種甜品。
米熊
這是一個(gè)以烘焙為主的直播視頻APP,里面包含了,烘焙,裱花,翻糖等各種課程,有付費(fèi)有免費(fèi)的課程,大多想學(xué)的里面都有。對(duì)于初學(xué)者,對(duì)烘焙感興趣,或者不愿意花太多錢學(xué)習(xí)烘焙的朋友來(lái)講是一個(gè)很好的學(xué)習(xí)APP。
%3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"隨著現(xiàn)代生活節(jié)奏的加快,烘焙食品已經(jīng)成為一種時(shí)尚、營(yíng)養(yǎng)、高效的消費(fèi)品。越來(lái)越多的人選擇去學(xué)習(xí)烘焙,他們學(xué)習(xí)的出發(fā)點(diǎn)各有不同,有的是為了自己的興趣愛(ài)好,有的是為了想從事這項(xiàng)工作后續(xù)就業(yè)或開(kāi)店創(chuàng)業(yè),那么新手小白如何開(kāi)始學(xué)烘焙呢?","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8USK8kg6428IoYIsXxuwQJ"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniACU0Ag4y0cOwn1pAT8msd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤箱:如果自己家里制作,吃的量少,可以先買小烤箱,但是至少也要35L以上的。一定是上下獨(dú)立控溫,最好帶熱風(fēng)。不能找特別便宜的,便宜意味著溫度不準(zhǔn),加熱不均勻。還要搭配烤箱溫度計(jì),兩個(gè)最好,一個(gè)也可以。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIOYsAasOKMoWIHWKm99eLh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":854,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e391b4ed94714e19bb14049f40c2b8a2","width":1280},"text":"","id":"doxcnkoOKWaaS2kYmIPcAQLQ6ye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打蛋器(電動(dòng)\u0026手動(dòng)):電動(dòng)跟手動(dòng)都要配備。缺一不可。電動(dòng)盡量買功率大一點(diǎn)的,當(dāng)然,買烤箱會(huì)贈(zèng)送,也可以湊合用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw4MOI6CgMgIa8h42KbwJEd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":659,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cfe4551762984dc0a9b5988a7a44077f","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnEec0MEGYyUOqwFAnJMyp5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"刮刀(和刮板):翻拌蛋糕糊等,刮板不同形狀,一個(gè)套裝3-5個(gè)就夠用了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcny0iYUmGKAMcqG2FcRCpPGg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":751,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e2bb00edd8f94b3b964c647b56a9b33d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnwOE4OaaCMQsgnlhnW9e6h7"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"硅膠墊:揉面團(tuán),做餅干等。案板會(huì)粘,硅膠墊防粘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaaWSaKWYoGSMU7keNcL33d"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":589,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ba764e2b3ec741efbe589431f7ad2891","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnmOsyseC8eOw2E9944HGWsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"測(cè)量用品:電子秤,最好是精確到0.1g的。量勺、量杯。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmCiYMqMkaWugpq5aPLclBK"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1023,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c108c49b2be848109a7ee0e8a2d6ce5b","width":955},"text":"","id":"doxcnuWEACwwwEWoSIn07LG5kQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"篩網(wǎng):","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"有大小套裝,建議選用60-80目的,篩出的面粉更細(xì)膩。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGG8mMqIkKWeuUOLTkEl9vz"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":750,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/867198c7b05341288489f9e7b333b9f5","width":750},"text":"","id":"doxcnKcKkO8OuWM0kxBd9srnoN2"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"各種模具:看你從哪種入門(mén),就先買哪種模具,不用急著一氣配齊。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyYUMkQs2yeM6CarIX90KIe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":300,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/13af3d33d8da4754b30c27aadd86d11f","width":300},"text":"","id":"doxcnWKs6OWygawYEOmMxgrJEkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"各種碗盆:家里夠多就不用另外購(gòu)置了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni2c8swI4IiYw219iRGkxbh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":489,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6446588814cc4bc994d34e14eb5d6b5c","width":750},"text":"","id":"doxcnYyWc0aKy4WK4EpSUydQWKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"廚師機(jī):這個(gè)做面包是必備的,就算擁有麒麟臂,也不如機(jī)器揉的好,采購(gòu)要點(diǎn)就是要大功率,外加靜音,買一些主流品牌就行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneIsiEWCegeg8uMqVTmW3rf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":931,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培必備工具","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d3a9fa25695c4d91b1331dc4ad8cfc21","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnW2K6aOO8Qu6Oiy1hWu93kG"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"常規(guī)烘培材料","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqaWg6aEWaOkuqm6hKBxwJe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"面粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQk4AMSiCg66me62Yx6lNAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中餐一般用到的面粉都是中筋面粉,也是我們普通老百姓接觸最多的面粉。家里常做的","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"面條、包子,饅頭、烙餅、餃子等等用到的都是中筋面粉。但烘焙中我們最常見(jiàn)的生日蛋糕或者餅干則是要用低筋面粉,吃的面包則要用高筋面粉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE8GU2YUimko0yGDeTNZUcc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"低筋面粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncIGqeUQY4YI0k6f89o6fjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"水份13.8%,蛋白質(zhì)含量為8.5%以下的面粉。這樣的面粉筋度弱,口感綿軟蓬松,適合做蛋糕,餅干等酥類的糕點(diǎn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnw8ekMUSemI688BmDria28f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中筋面粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaU4CWsYaiQK2MzLtrCBC9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋白質(zhì)含量為9.5~12.0%。這樣的面粉一般用于中式的面點(diǎn)制作中,就是我們常見(jiàn)的包子饅頭餃子之類的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQYCoUucgCacuyQRpDyWo1d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"高筋面粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwyY4k0ss2qWIMFqHlhgE4c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋白質(zhì)含量約12.5~13.5%。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"這樣的面粉筋度高,口感具有韌性,適合做面包之類的糕點(diǎn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKEIokUImAGKkEXvdZa1U2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"口感來(lái)說(shuō),低筋面粉酥脆、綿軟;中筋面粉,做面條勁道,做饅頭蓬松;高筋面粉,延展性很好,非常勁道有彈性和嚼感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGwuIK24WoookwRsRj5TP8f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"黃油","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuocAcMAKGysC26RKYDQpeb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"黃油是鮮牛奶加工分離出來(lái)的固態(tài)油脂,營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富脂肪含量很高,在口味上分為加鹽黃油和原味黃油。黃油的用處很多,做蛋糕、面包、餅干、月餅、網(wǎng)紅雪花酥、煎牛排等等都會(huì)用到黃油,平時(shí)可以多買一些放冰箱冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyUc8IcK0A0aGKiR4Hgdqfn"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶油","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne6yacyIGYyQ4I7dBsXqgkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶油跟黃油一樣是用鮮牛奶提煉出來(lái)的,淡奶油的脂肪含量沒(méi)有黃油高,跟黃油一樣也有植物奶油也叫鮮奶油,植物奶油其實(shí)就是人造奶油。因?yàn)轷r奶油穩(wěn)定性高,適合裱花,價(jià)格便宜所以在普通的蛋糕店里用的基本都是植物奶油。植物奶油非常不利于健康,這也是為什么越來(lái)越多的人自己學(xué)做烘焙的原因,我們想吃到更健康更營(yíng)養(yǎng)的美味,而不是一堆“反式脂肪酸”。所以我們?cè)谥谱骱姹旱倪^(guò)程中,請(qǐng)選擇動(dòng)物性淡奶油。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM48ASemcOGCukF4SOYawYb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"玉米油","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEwQEuYq6WgwueBNQMxR7ks"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在制作蛋糕的時(shí)候我們會(huì)用到玉米油,很多人問(wèn)能不能用生菜油?不能,氣味大不好吃。建議選擇味道較小的色拉油,玉米油。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYoW4Q0WIuWc48TjTeMAcje"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"玉米淀粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSayeoky0AawQEZ136gVgfc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"制作蛋糕,餅干等甜點(diǎn)時(shí)用,家里常備一些。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0Iyaguau4Eag2xiBvagNpe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉利丁","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYGGMc0mcQ4eKIFCaQlWQyb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"吉利丁有粉狀的也有片狀的,它是作為一種凝固劑來(lái)使用,一般慕斯蛋糕中用的比較多,也有網(wǎng)友用QQ糖融化了以后來(lái)代替。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA026OUYgqIu2qew1od1Ylf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"抹茶粉、可可粉","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGIo0gqYuEugGbOAfscSeFq"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在制作抹茶蛋糕或者可可蛋糕時(shí)混入蛋糕糊中使用,也可以制作抹茶餅干,可可餅干等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCcIy6K0EgOocUjZBhLSBuc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"酵母","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSyeAwS6w8om4a6hvax4S3d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包發(fā)酵,比如“安琪酵母”","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"。","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"酵母在使用過(guò)程中一定要注意用30度左右的水融化,水溫高則酵母死,水溫低則酵母未化開(kāi),起不了作用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8gc2w4iKGiWwqmg0KepdCg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"酵母為活性菌物質(zhì),注意開(kāi)袋后,放在低溫干燥處保存,以免失去活性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEGGCygo0UAokojpMccYYpe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"糖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnG6WQY8UsO0eUM3g1pfJUWe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"糖分為白砂糖、綿砂糖、糖粉。白砂糖就是我們?cè)诔欣锍R?jiàn)的糖,綿砂糖的顆粒比較細(xì)膩,糖粉是粉末狀的糖中加入了玉米淀粉,用來(lái)做餅干,蛋糕以及裝飾。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwwQaCGSEGMYI6oiSfMSfCg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":2160,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"糖","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/aefd3681251345a0b2fee090c02f8caa","width":3840},"text":"","id":"doxcnKm2g0yUoqIAQEPhho7zkmh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培種類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEqgI0OWUy4i0qkfRUMucWc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng8iwO4C8QYwqCUaE4MYZzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"以蛋為主要原料,經(jīng)過(guò)攪打充氣后膨脹,制品成熟后,清香綿軟有彈性。蛋糕類又可分為:清蛋類、油蛋類、復(fù)合型蛋糕、生日蛋糕、樣品蛋糕。蛋糕制品大都附以裝飾,因此是一種富含藝術(shù)性的點(diǎn)心。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn46u0MGUAumgcgJs3rc7nHd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqOQQqEQQWY6YOw1TruPh5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包類是以面粉為主料,以酵母等為輔料的面團(tuán)經(jīng)發(fā)酵,餳發(fā)而烤制成的產(chǎn)品。如點(diǎn)心面包、主食面包、調(diào)理面包等。面包的生產(chǎn)需要一個(gè)比較暖和的環(huán)境,一般室溫不低于20℃,產(chǎn)品以甜咸口味為主,包括硬質(zhì)面包、軟質(zhì)面包、松質(zhì)面包、脆皮面包。其用途作為三餐主副食均可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmIcAGMaIIsym8lWDuSIs4g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"混酥類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuiewqCMUAACUwlmF043OVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"混酥類點(diǎn)心是以黃油、面粉、雞蛋、糖為主料調(diào)和成面團(tuán)或面糊,配以各種輔料,制作而成的一類點(diǎn)心。此類點(diǎn)心不分層,口感酥脆。主要產(chǎn)品有排類、撻類、干點(diǎn)類等,如果醬排、椰絲排、奶油曲奇、拉花餅干等。清酥類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuCUsQamE8YmWCoiNx9axPA"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"以水面和油面互為表里,經(jīng)過(guò)反復(fù)搟疊及冷凍、成型、烘烤等工藝而制成的制品,這種制品具有層次清晰、入口香酥的特點(diǎn)。在烘烤產(chǎn)品中,這類點(diǎn)心很具有特色,很久以來(lái)一直受到消費(fèi)者的青睞。主要產(chǎn)品有酥盒類、果盅類、果排類、酥餅類等,如奶油千層酥、對(duì)角包、水果酥盒、蘋(píng)果排、葡萄蘋(píng)果盅等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS2oayQEew4UwCUCmKxFyFg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"泡芙類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM8S4yekoYIsmy44jiyyaEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"泡芙也稱氣鼓。以雞蛋、油、糖為主料,采用燙制面團(tuán),經(jīng)過(guò)擠糊成型,產(chǎn)品成熟后,體積膨脹數(shù)倍,因其餅殼松脆缺味,主要依靠餡心來(lái)調(diào)味。成品經(jīng)裝飾后,精細(xì)美觀,再配以各色各樣的餡料,使產(chǎn)品外脆里糯,綿軟香甜,滋潤(rùn)可口,很受消費(fèi)者的歡迎。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnumSeciEkCMWAkkepShFrSv"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷凍點(diǎn)心類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncO6gYiW2kc8GmAutoVmQEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"冷凍點(diǎn)心一般指以糖、牛奶、雞蛋、水果、明膠為原料,經(jīng)攪拌冷凍或冷凍攪拌制作而成的一類甜食,適用于午餐、晚餐的餐后甜食或非用餐時(shí)閑食。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna2sKyW20ssGUIxvEwEtvSe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"巧克力類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMCg4qwEIu6SyG8mT2sAzIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"指直接使用巧克力或以巧克力為原料,配以奶油、果仁、酒類等調(diào)制成的產(chǎn)品。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnU6Egycs6EwiSoVOLlKPpWd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"巧克力類","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/28522ccda7944ba29ccb421a166f73cd","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnqYGU2KuII22Wm8n83EsQEd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"制作技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY0kOG4aAwq8mKXJhhrZzEH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘焙初學(xué)者升階之途需遵循由簡(jiǎn)至難,餅干—蛋糕—西點(diǎn)—面包。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8iqusGsicgigvBwhGDwMe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"餅干制作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY4UqaEMAqG22od5ulmRkBc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘焙初學(xué)者一般都是會(huì)從最容易的餅干下手。餅干非常好的一點(diǎn)便是通過(guò)率很高,只需調(diào)節(jié)好家用烤箱的溫度和時(shí)間,取得成功冒著香味的餅干總是能讓初學(xué)者信心十足。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0MmwqmGcWkOewff08Q4GCe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"餅干應(yīng)該是每個(gè)人最愛(ài)吃的零食榜單里的前十了!甜的咸的、巧克力味的草莓味的、薄脆的夾心的、硬的軟的...總有一款是你的愛(ài)。今天就來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)幾款常規(guī)餅干的做法吧!","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno4SsSkGSmIu0eMKQCXrqEd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蔓越莓餅干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSsQyOMaS2mMAEcj2uNQjkb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":421,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"蔓越莓餅干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4f8efd07f206470391b8bb56706962e9","width":650},"text":"","id":"doxcneYQiYUAyE6Sscv00evdAAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:低筋面粉(含蛋配方)110g、黃油(含蛋配方)70g、雞蛋液(含蛋配方)12g、蔓越莓干(含蛋配方)35g、糖粉(含蛋配方)50g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuQ4WseeKmYcMw5Ji6305oh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"輔料:低筋面粉(無(wú)蛋配方)185g、黃油(無(wú)蛋配方)100g、牛奶(無(wú)蛋配方)15ml(14~15g)、蔓越莓干(無(wú)蛋配方)50g、糖粉(無(wú)蛋配方)75g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcna2qwE0KqGOOScl93v5Nslf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:1、黃油切小塊,室溫軟化,稍微攪打幾下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngEa4auwkcm6SgPzTMUJn7f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、加糖粉,繼續(xù)攪打均勻至顏色變淺,體積膨大(糖粉加進(jìn)去可以用刮刀和黃油稍微拌幾下,不然糖粉容易濺出來(lái)~)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnO6UAoMUkq6mi8LbhO4nWTg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、將蛋液分2-3次分別加入,確保每加","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"依次","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"雞蛋液前都攪打均勻。(做無(wú)蛋版本的把這個(gè)蛋液用牛奶替換哈)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwCmosQIa62uUQJzTbmfzyh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、將低筋面粉篩入,用刮刀稍微攪拌均勻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyCOK8YM6uoIoURYZAqI8xe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、蔓越莓干倒入,并攪拌均勻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS4ss2CcOeEuKy4g859YU2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、將面團(tuán)撮成條放入模具中整形,沒(méi)有模具的可以直接撮成長(zhǎng)條做成圓的,放入冰箱凍約2小時(shí)左右,凍硬就好,具體看實(shí)際情況哈,別凍太硬會(huì)不好切的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE2ssawqcC6uQSAqsb4Q67c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、好的面團(tuán)取出,切約7mm的厚片,排入烤盤(pán),放入預(yù)熱好160度左右的烤箱中烘烤約22-23分鐘左右,表面稍稍上色即可,烤好出爐晾涼~(如果怕烤焦,可以把溫度改低一點(diǎn),稍微延長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)時(shí)間,最后的時(shí)間可以自己稍微看著點(diǎn),也更不容易過(guò)火,覺(jué)得顏色太淺稍微調(diào)高一點(diǎn)溫度直至合適就可以了)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqoYK2yUOcK6Siwb9kWlyme"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"牛奶餅干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOUOQQk8CGag0g9Ypoll0zb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":500,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"牛奶餅干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6280889d74134522a1a6a8cbb6cdb67e","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnEu0U88EI4AeySY5AZgx4Yb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:無(wú)鹽黃油80g、糖粉60g、普通面粉115g、玉米淀粉65g、奶粉40g、雞蛋1個(gè)(去殼重約50g)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkOwqIsSkg268WGsXbvvDUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQKiEw8IosySKmvUxtkNyfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"、無(wú)鹽黃油軟化后加糖粉打至發(fā)白,加入雞蛋攪打均勻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqcgc2Eu8qSsYe4nyfxbLZd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、篩入混合粉類(面粉、淀粉、奶粉)拌成團(tuán)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4eGgyMamkc6UQBbygb7I6d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、分成小劑子,搓成球,用叉子按壓。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKkSweOUSM2Aie6MJRuHNNh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、垂直之前紋路的方向再按壓一次形成格子紋,完成所有生坯,送入預(yù)熱好170℃的烤箱中烤20分鐘即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn42kOoeEoSooqauWkGQMNDe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"巧克力軟曲奇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGe2kyyaKmkiwY3VDHGqWMe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":500,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"巧克力軟曲奇","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/020bd25b498b405ca58d28eb5aaaa329","width":500},"text":"","id":"doxcnme2AI84A0Ss8csMbDte64H"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:黃油70g、紅糖20g、白砂糖8g、巧克力碎或者巧克力豆10g、熱水30ml、低筋面粉100g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOciE0i2yYU0wITSYOWnbof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMqg0acIymsKuaiO6DgAYmh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、黃油室","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"溫軟化。紅糖10g和熱水30ml混合,變成紅糖水備用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMICyY4C6o62ECUuCoJL3Te"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、用打蛋器,打發(fā),邊打邊加入10g紅糖和8g白砂糖。打發(fā)到黃油成羽狀即可。加入一半紅糖水,篩入一半面粉。用橡皮刀拌勻。繼續(xù)加紅糖水和面粉,拌勻成泥狀。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKEaumK4iQIwGklPH6Nicjd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、用裱花袋擠出圓形面糊,用勺子壓扁。成4cm左右,兩塊餅干中間留足空隙。等下還會(huì)看膨脹。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuWkyCC8mqqwaqkz27hUNwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、上下火180°,12分鐘左右。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYkskGIaMIaceUx8SFm684e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"紅糖燕麥餅干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncUI0QWiKC2g8QjsyshBgsc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":500,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"紅糖燕麥餅干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/0d65140d18d7436fad57ac947ec210ba","width":753},"text":"","id":"doxcn6Go6aUkW04iceWpM30QO9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:植物油40g、紅糖30g、水50ml、燕麥片100g、低筋面粉80g、黑芝麻25g、椰蓉25g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIq4sQoqe6GwYQdFN7Pu7Ed"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0akmMCQCgSa62cD5ISFET1"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、紅糖用50毫升","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"熱開(kāi)水融化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2MogqMQ2iQomER02cUTF9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、低筋面粉過(guò)篩,和黑芝麻、椰蓉以及燕麥混合均勻好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6g6USIqWCS6SwxuDAxoZWh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、所有的食材放在一起,混合均勻至沒(méi)有干面粉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIWOoES2mEC62s7lwO7e9Bd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、烤盤(pán)上面鋪上錫紙,把面粉團(tuán)壓扁,大概0.5厘米的厚度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuOSQIUMIkg4igfBigAqOle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、烤箱180度中層,上下火15分鐘,出爐冷卻后就能吃啦,味道超級(jí)好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngK8wK2MSs484spK7Tfy4cc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"咖啡核桃餅干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOsGGYoWoQWCMkTJLwjwNHr"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":450,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"咖啡核桃餅干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d62bb7c6149c41bbac8633887989d2ca","width":600},"text":"","id":"doxcn8OicW02EQU68ETpakQnMmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngOS6EAqcSWymIHyhkHc9Sc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:三合一速溶咖啡粉2勺、植物油5g、低筋面粉120g、紅糖30g、泡打粉0.5g、核桃50g、全蛋液60g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOwIe2ciCuIgmAXi0zifvzc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟","id":""},{"type":"text","text":":","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn80OmQ8ggq4WAeckL3ydcZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、核桃去殼后對(duì)半掰開(kāi)","id":""},{"type":"text","text":",不要弄碎。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4sUSuIYsow4Egh28MXkNYg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、紅糖壓細(xì)一點(diǎn),把所有的食材混合均勻,揉至沒(méi)有一點(diǎn)干面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwWQkEmgIyeyOQFkKm9PBzb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、把揉好的面團(tuán)揉成如圖所示的形狀,有點(diǎn)像歐包吧哈哈,放入冰箱冷凍1小時(shí)左右。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8uEMQuCowGmS2qT3uvNYe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、取出面團(tuán),切成1厘米左右厚的餅干片,放入烤箱175度25-30分鐘即可,香香的帶著堅(jiān)果味好棒。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneq6KmgEsukquQZNgKlCTDf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"瑪格麗特餅干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQuMikAK0Igu2iOupX5cRKh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":683,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"瑪格麗特餅干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3f5f1234fa5b4692aad12f8b450fa304","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnImMeWeUAIamw2Veyy6FfXd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:低筋面粉50g、紅薯淀粉50g、無(wú)鹽黃油40g、雞蛋液10g、鹽0.5g、雞蛋黃1個(gè)、糖粉20g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngOkKCwqmSeMqqg9YGNCwrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnua2KiScmMKWsyWejZoNfug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、紅薯粉和低筋面粉過(guò)篩,加入糖粉,黃油室溫軟化或者隔水融化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqQ8cUQuEQEoouSbCGGIp9f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、一個(gè)雞蛋煮熟以后(大概中火10分鐘),取出蛋黃,用拇指按壓蛋黃過(guò)篩,過(guò)篩以后還真是蠻漂亮的嘛。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngyA6ckIMSSU2SuDu6uIAwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、把黃油、打散的雞蛋液以及鹽混合均勻,放入冰箱冷藏1小時(shí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuWmAkICmAeISesSnhy1XGb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、冷藏一小時(shí)后取出面團(tuán),會(huì)有一點(diǎn)硬,不要擔(dān)心,把面團(tuán)分成小塊揉一下就軟了,再慢慢搓成小球。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2WeggmW6MgyU2jhV1nDaef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、趁小球還比較柔軟的時(shí)候用大拇指壓成餅,裂的不均勻或者不好看可以重新壓一下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnccy22uw4gi2uyOVh2rPGwc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、放入烤箱170度上下火中層烤15分鐘搞定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmKkwA68QUsWQeeBJ6ko7eh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"紅茶餅干","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneSyio0eggAQ02V6dJKXeDe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":413,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"紅茶餅干","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/17ddd32ed6f1441b82adbbef8819a5d0","width":620},"text":"","id":"doxcnss88KagCw6MIMjbfKOnnpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:低筋面粉115g、無(wú)鹽黃油65g、雞蛋液15g、紅茶碎7g、泡打粉1g、細(xì)砂糖35g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnac6kcUUyyG8GH8eF9TbQCx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKSuC8gW4mkK42NiziFewTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、紅茶用攪拌機(jī)打","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"碎。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcns8WiaqiiOKIGsZneTs2HQc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、粉類過(guò)篩后,把所有食材混合均勻至沒(méi)有干面粉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKqOuGkiwqiACq6TmCJua4g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、把面團(tuán)放入冷凍室1小時(shí)后切片,0.8厘米左右,入烤箱中層180度15分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2W4I2QqiiQu8A5eFiDSqhf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、茶葉的清香味有點(diǎn)頭疼的時(shí)候聞著真的很舒服啊,超級(jí)喜歡。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne28Ms0mAYW0WO0swicWRmf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事項(xiàng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn26WgwwA8aquIMEoc4K2zMm"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤箱預(yù)熱","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniCamg6iOy8GC876ymPHlZf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤箱一定要預(yù)熱,烤箱在烘烤之前,必須提前將溫度旋鈕調(diào)至需要的溫度,打開(kāi)開(kāi)關(guān)空燒一段時(shí)間,使產(chǎn)品進(jìn)入烤箱時(shí)就能達(dá)到所需要的溫度??鞠漕A(yù)熱的動(dòng)作,可使餅干面團(tuán)迅速定型,并且也能保持較好的口感??鞠漕A(yù)熱是非常重要的烘焙常識(shí),一定不要忘記。烤箱的容積越大,所需的預(yù)熱時(shí)間就越長(zhǎng),大約5-10分鐘不等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAKgiumK8MSWOQnDYkC1Njb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"面糊的拌和","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqecg4yuKYeoIwaXtJKJSBy"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)所有的粉類全部過(guò)篩","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"到黃油糊中以后,用橡皮刮刀要以不規(guī)則的方向來(lái)切拌、翻拌面糊,或是從下往上翻拌的形式。不要畫(huà)圈攪拌,以免產(chǎn)生過(guò)多的面筋。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUks8K88YS2QkgndBg7n42f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"正確的烘烤方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn28gSGaWEkuCmamiOE1ds3c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘烤前,烤箱需要預(yù)熱到指定的溫度,一般5-8分鐘即可。這樣會(huì)讓餅干在入烤箱的瞬間達(dá)到指定的烘烤溫度,讓餅干瞬間膨脹,口感形狀都更好。出爐后的餅干放涼后,如果還是沒(méi)有酥脆的口感,或者感覺(jué)中間發(fā)軟,那就是時(shí)間還不夠,可用150度的溫度再烤幾分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaMK8ymg4U6aiecNzH9LBoc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"少量多次加蛋液","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2KywQyQeuAYiSuBl9DNP0c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"油水不分離大家或許會(huì)認(rèn)為材料一次通通加入攪拌似乎比較省事,其實(shí),有些材料是必須少量多次的與其他材料混合才更好。比如在黃油和糖混合打松發(fā)之后,雞蛋需先打散成蛋液后再分2-4次加入,而且每加入一次都要使蛋液充分的被黃油吸收完全后再加入下一次。因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)雞蛋里大約含有74%的水分,如果一次將所有的蛋液全部倒入奶油糊里,油脂和水分不容易結(jié)合,容易造成油水分離,攪合拌勻會(huì)非常吃力。切記,材料分次加入才能使成品的口感更加細(xì)致美味。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCM8MuyusoYQwSydknZxlle"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"規(guī)格統(tǒng)一","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWuMWq6YYEWqYUps9tZlb7g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"形狀的要求無(wú)論是手工塑形的餅干,還是切割類的餅干,或者是薄脆餅干以及擠花類的餅干,都要求同一烤盤(pán)的餅干大小、薄厚、形狀基本一致,這樣才能夠均勻受熱,成熟時(shí)間相同。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKkWw6a8aa0KC2zt8UcOl2d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"做好保存","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno88oaem6Yuke23SfbL7mNf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"手工餅干的保存完全冷卻后應(yīng)盡快裝入保鮮盒或保鮮袋中,因?yàn)轱灨蓵?huì)吸收濕氣而變軟,室溫下可以保存10天-12天。如果有回軟的現(xiàn)象,可以用低溫(150度)烘烤幾分鐘,就會(huì)恢復(fù)原有的口感。也可以放入冰箱冷凍室冷凍幾小時(shí),也可以恢復(fù)口感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKsgukO4qs8mmMe43Ewc1ws"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"做好保存","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/e5e35e1c7796426ba64677d1184ebd2a","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnc60qe0gsOyaaCEETLuD5mh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕制作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqaiUqwysU6AWEvn0bmdGed"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕是一種古老的西點(diǎn),一般是由烤箱制作的,蛋糕是用雞蛋、白糖、小麥粉為主要原料。以牛奶、果汁、奶粉、香粉、色拉油、水,起酥油、泡打粉為輔料,經(jīng)過(guò)攪拌、調(diào)制、烘烤后制成一種像海綿的點(diǎn)心。蛋糕通常以甜味為主,典型的蛋糕是以烤的方式制作出來(lái)。蛋糕的材料主要包括了面粉、甜味劑(通常是蔗糖)、黏合劑(一般是雞蛋,素食主義者可用面筋和淀粉代替)、起酥油(一般是牛油或人造牛油,低脂肪含量的蛋糕會(huì)以濃縮果汁代替),液體(牛奶,水或果汁),香精和發(fā)酵劑(例如酵母或者發(fā)酵粉)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSAkmwsyemksy6ZfzLrAase"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":624,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕制作","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9e9e4ad27edc4e8ebcbe0a63f70034d7","width":1000},"text":"","id":"doxcnUW8wqMU4g2WW2defgRHRwb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕分類","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnakAUA6eKcCQiSmKUNysYmk"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按照蛋糕坯子分類:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS4ueMUaCqYQom0z3NhcHGg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、海綿蛋糕(SpongeCake),主要是利用雞蛋打進(jìn)空氣,經(jīng)過(guò)烘焙使空氣受熱膨脹而把蛋糕撐大。這類蛋糕可以不加油脂質(zhì)地柔軟故又稱清蛋糕,是最早出現(xiàn)的蛋糕。常溫:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低溫冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2WKqIMmG2EEkKga1P5ZXkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、戚風(fēng)蛋糕(ChiffonCake),戚風(fēng)蛋糕是乳沫類和面糊類蛋糕改良綜合而成的。制作時(shí)蛋白、蛋黃須分開(kāi),分別打發(fā),最后才混勻。其組織最為膨松,水分多而味道清淡不膩,十分受人歡迎。市面上蛋糕店大多用這坯子。常溫:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低溫冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYym8gsyc0om0b1P6j0BpzI"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、布丁蛋糕,主要是采用黃油、雞蛋、白糖、牛奶為主要原料配以各式輔料,通過(guò)冷藏或烤制而成的一種歐式蛋糕。夏季要低溫冷藏,冬季無(wú)需冷藏可保存3-5天。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuoaYK2IE66oeEtcaSok4Ed"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、慕思蛋糕,是用明膠凝結(jié)乳酪及鮮奶油而成,不必烘烤即可食用。是現(xiàn)今高級(jí)蛋糕的代表。夏季要低溫冷藏,冬季無(wú)需冷藏可保存3-5天。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS82MOi80AswC8xIjSkEsjg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、天使蛋糕(AngelFood Cake),屬于乳沫類蛋糕,只用無(wú)油脂成分的蛋白部分,毫不油膩而且有彈性,非常爽口,其成品清爽雪白,仿佛安琪兒的食物,故稱之為“天使蛋糕”。因?yàn)樗缓椭c膽固醇,特別適合于怕胖或有心血管疾病的人。是一種健康點(diǎn)心。常溫:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低溫冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAG6EyKc08cGyugTyXCOdK6"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、芝士蛋糕(CheeseCake),主要是采用多量的乳酪做成的高級(jí)蛋糕。是現(xiàn)今高級(jí)蛋糕的代表,亦是美食家的新寵。市面售價(jià)非常昂貴,需低溫冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKkGmIo00UEAc65eVKu7ane"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、面糊類蛋糕(battertype cake),主要是采用大量的固體油脂,故又稱油蛋糕。又分基本奶油蛋糕和重奶油蛋糕。常溫:冬季可保存3天,夏季可保存1天,最好低溫冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncQQIokYYwyO6o3srgCfHzd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"按照裱花材料分類:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwyi0w0ccCo64WKaxJqF7Ge"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、鮮奶油蛋糕,鮮奶油是植物性油脂,主要從大豆提煉,爽而不膩,營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富,深受人們喜愛(ài)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8KaKsC6Ag64W6zicMfO0dc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、水果蛋糕,一般名牌蛋糕店制做鮮奶油蛋糕時(shí),坯子切三層,加水果、加酒?,F(xiàn)在一般說(shuō)的水果蛋糕主要是鮮奶油蛋糕上擺上水果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMO0MMsceKOi2Qlp1nGf2bd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、巧克力蛋糕,主要是戚風(fēng)蛋糕坯子上澆鑄融化的巧克力而成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWemeUUECyS4oF6x6oSygnG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、冰激凌蛋糕,用冰激凌代替鮮奶油。按用處可分為:生日、祝壽、生肖、婚慶等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIgKwOYwcwGUm0oO6gQnedd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕種類和做法很多,今天教大家?guī)卓畛R?guī)蛋糕做法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0a4q6gGoKsuMChSUGTiabR"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"彩虹蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOk4cYEqyQkMQ4ggwgq12Mc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":360,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"彩虹蛋糕","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/287dbafd89814bc78931afe1cd430266","width":540},"text":"","id":"doxcnGu002kaMqko2FgFr2rLFdd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:低筋面粉120g、白砂糖170g、雞蛋6個(gè)、色拉油65g、淡奶油500g、食用色素(6色適量)、牛奶65g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW0WIukCISGcYS0t3oIZ76d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQCUyqQ2sy4yAqgVOdSctXe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、準(zhǔn)備好","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"材料,然后準(zhǔn)備模具,一般非專業(yè)級(jí)的同一款蛋糕模都不會(huì)有很多,所以得自己做模具了,用蛋糕模為參照,用錫紙做出一個(gè)錫紙模,做好6個(gè),修剪邊緣即可待用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyOsyq000C8MagFQ6KX6sgh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、分離蛋白蛋黃,分好的蛋白和蛋黃分別裝不同的打蛋盆中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0osKKsCeIyUoiq2Fgm378e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、白砂糖30g加入蛋黃中,用手動(dòng)打蛋器打至糖溶化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKwIuwM0WimWkQXKTl09w6g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、加入色拉油和牛奶,繼續(xù)攪拌成油水混合。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWquMwI0uEymEwVq3RGZIcb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、篩入低筋面粉,拌勻成蛋黃糊待用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn68k4MM6seYs8g3OFi3P6of"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、蛋白的盆里加幾滴檸檬汁(沒(méi)有可不加),分3次加入90g白砂糖,(可邊打邊加)用電動(dòng)打蛋器打至硬性發(fā)泡,提起打蛋器有堅(jiān)挺的角。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2WQuUu4swCmKEYouWawB5z"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、打好的蛋白霜用刮刀挖一勺到蛋黃糊盆中,從底部向上翻拌均勻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIOW8UKk2k4aEE53twbcWye"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、翻拌好的蛋黃糊全部倒入到蛋白霜中繼續(xù)翻拌均勻,蛋糕糊就做好了,接下來(lái)上色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn86IYU4ImYko6y8gxozc1ld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、把蛋糕糊分裝入不同的碗中,加入食用色素,翻拌均勻,(一次能烤幾個(gè)就先調(diào)幾個(gè)色,其它的蛋糕糊放冰箱)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnM8a0e2kyUgoMwtqaWwzUCe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10、調(diào)好顏色的蛋糕糊倒入準(zhǔn)備好的錫紙模中,放入烤盤(pán)入烤箱,中層,140度,烤14分鐘,根據(jù)同樣的方法做另外幾個(gè)顏色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4iQgkMAI0uekkDm6Rmo3gh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11、烤好后的蛋糕片撕掉錫紙倒扣在烤網(wǎng)上散熱。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEEOsY4O0CAuoJWtJ3lRxmn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"12、500g動(dòng)物奶油加50g白砂糖,隔冰水用電動(dòng)打蛋器打硬成奶油呈明顯紋路。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCwIMOkmYac0MEJkcEvaTXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"13、打好的奶油各挖出一點(diǎn)用食用色素調(diào)好裝入裱花袋中備用,顏色和蛋糕片的顏色一致。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4Sq28YsEiKOiE5iXC4Abjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"14、徹底涼透的蛋糕片休整掉不整齊的,然后一片一片的疊起來(lái),中間加奶油。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAewYGK4gm4ioqGQMq3c9bc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"15、中間奶油抹好,然后就是蛋糕抹面了,和平時(shí)其它的奶油蛋糕一樣抹,抹好在頂部做彩虹。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEy28O2eq8eQMyqwakcDJrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"16、裱花袋剪掉綠豆大的孔(不會(huì)把握的可以先剪一點(diǎn)擠出來(lái)看大小不夠再剪)然后按顏色擠在上面就成了漂亮的彩虹了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqyi0IEY2OKA0gPJjKrMf5d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"芒果千層蛋糕","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIoUaK8cW0uussPExBarxSh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1280,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"芒果千層蛋糕","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2da3e85ec60540cf9747c82d82a041d0","width":1920},"text":"","id":"doxcnSOQQSAEoaYeca4cfFEuzHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主料:低筋面粉、雞蛋、糖粉、黃油、牛奶、淡奶油、芒果、細(xì)砂糖。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoeE8Oq8cyKoKeocARmqNEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm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拿來(lái)做涂抹,鮮奶油使用前須要先搖幾下或用筷子拌一下,再用電動(dòng)攪拌器打到出現(xiàn)如波浪狀的稠度即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMus06oM0oyOmcNRjBYaTNd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"材料混合的方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniSiIaIceYeu68ZyTDqpswh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不論是要混合什么樣的材料都須分次加入而不是將所有材料全部加入,這樣才能使成品細(xì)致又美味。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnc4O6sii022YwIR0smNv0Cb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"正確的烘烤方式","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne0mUWIyWGAGoA3JjDFJZEf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤箱在烘烤前一定要先預(yù)熱到所須的溫度,體積大的蛋糕須用低溫長(zhǎng)時(shí)間烘焙,烘烤時(shí)若擔(dān)心外表烤的太焦可將蛋糕表皮烤至金黃色后在表面覆蓋上一層鋁箔紙來(lái)隔開(kāi)上火。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8GQMmCkSeiEUUnn68aalhe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤模的使用方法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuU2Sw8OcKEg0INOHhWNEOc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"烤蛋糕時(shí)的烤模在使用前須先涂抹一層薄薄的奶油再灑上一層高筋面粉或是先用防沾紙鋪在烤模內(nèi)部烤好的蛋糕才不會(huì)沾粘,餅干壓模制作時(shí)須先灑上面粉則壓好的餅干才容易取下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuAwKIgSoYsiOobJKC7KdSe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":800,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"烤模的使用方法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7c7538a3f2a44151afdf634649bfd85e","width":800},"text":"","id":"doxcnsWYGI4MIey0gIfmboQ3N8g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"法式西點(diǎn)的做法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqQscS8IcoEScoJePzsij0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"餅干、蛋糕學(xué)會(huì)后,可以再漸漸地深層次研究法式風(fēng)格西點(diǎn)、朱古力控溫、淋面、噴砂手藝這些。給大家介紹幾款經(jīng)典西點(diǎn)做法。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnww0umIYWMMkG8zvsO4hKoe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"舒芙蕾(Souffle)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoGeuISaogGEBg0oR8BQslR"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":557,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"舒芙蕾(Souffle)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/895977b2699543b2a3068b7aa70040e0","width":828},"text":"","id":"doxcnAyEoGQcyCKyGe2UgfD70oc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnY8wceUqgSUmuArE77kMZ9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"舒芙蕾,又稱蛋奶酥、梳乎厘,是于中世紀(jì)誕生的法國(guó)著名甜點(diǎn)。法文的“Souffle”就是吹氣的意思??竞玫氖孳嚼僖M快品嘗,否則會(huì)很快就塌。口感輕盈如云朵,入口似有似無(wú),卻滿嘴乳香。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8S2sWGSQKWEaAzCXGy4asG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:低筋面粉30g、蛋黃2個(gè)、蛋白2個(gè)、鮮奶40ml、細(xì)砂糖20g、無(wú)鹽黃油或食用油少許、開(kāi)水少許。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn42mO4W8KuqSiA1m0Cm76bg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcni0YKEeOEi6IqU5929qo9xf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、用","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"黃油先將碗壁內(nèi)擦一遍,之后撒上細(xì)砂糖,待用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaAqmgMK4KKyoY3DSL6ZlKd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、牛奶+黃油+20g糖+幾滴香草精倒入奶鍋中煮至微沸,離火。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnA862yc4WqsCY8H1jpw68Jd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、低粉篩入牛奶中,攪拌均勻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnuAy6yOi8qWO0uUiaWUZGhf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、蛋黃、蛋清分離在2個(gè)干凈的碗中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnawk0yYU2y0KS8A8U9SkEQb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、將奶糊慢慢倒入蛋黃中,一邊倒一邊快速攪拌,防止蛋黃燙熟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcneygsC8uCiywq8lUjf9fCQe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、攪拌均勻的蛋黃糊過(guò)篩倒入奶鍋中,篩出低粉顆粒,可用刮刀壓散即可。之后重新回爐煮。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGWIwKW8skCMgY5BDA0NoWb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":696,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"舒芙蕾(Souffle)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1423128f94c042cc858aaf3adf960add","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcn2KuecowqemuIaQxr3EGtXc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、小火,一邊煮一邊攪拌,不能停,否則會(huì)糊。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6oeACUyyKG4mmgWxExP83d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、煮好的蛋黃糊,細(xì)膩、粘稠、表面有光澤,放一邊待用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsacm6KiiIOW0PFm2hEaYEn"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、15g糖分3次加入蛋白中,打發(fā)至接近干性發(fā)泡,就是小啾啾頂端有個(gè)細(xì)小彎鉤。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoWKSiEEyKGQUUR2ZEkqBUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10、蛋白和蛋黃糊分3次均勻翻拌混合。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMIsuQCu0MyAWEndyV9f8Lh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11、混合好的蛋糊,烤箱預(yù)熱180度。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKc08CqI8yYmQINrMb6pnde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"12、放進(jìn)烤箱中層,烤18分鐘,然后出爐撒上糖粉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOUQs2k6QMq2e2bxexdMU7e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":693,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"舒芙蕾(Souffle)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/27204ce56b804f45866976e6fc4f421c","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcn8E8yYgqGyiOeuIs7EZQrTh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"拿破侖Mille Feuilles","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne8GG2mKW0u2oOWyUlMjbTb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":622,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"拿破侖Mille Feuilles","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7725d71f2f3f4465a9fc4be9e227897e","width":828},"text":"","id":"doxcnMc6qguQiKAkMuGta5YqArd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"拿破侖是法國(guó)的經(jīng)典甜品,好幾層的酥皮夾上卡仕達(dá)醬組合而成的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWOCAIOYWqiumArKb6r0dSg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:【蛋糕底材料】富強(qiáng)粉750g、鮮蛋2公斤、白砂糖900g、粟粉150g","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyg0O20gaEKSwG2Iyh4qZZb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【水油酥皮】富強(qiáng)粉700g、豬油350g、鮮蛋150g、奶油忌林糖800g、香蘭素適量","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYow6ugmUk02usTYHjCGfde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟","id":""},{"type":"text","text":":","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmQGOSQu6ioiWUZEv6X19xb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、將千層","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"派皮用搟面棍搟平放入抹了油的烤盤(pán)中。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm6CwISssmgs6Ok2WZxQpwc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、將派皮表面用叉子搓洞后,放入冰箱冷藏松弛約1小時(shí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS2uMsoMyYmUmGmYfiXXFge"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":643,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"拿破侖Mille Feuilles","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cd214ef5e6304304b59d7e632fdbe927","width":640},"text":"","id":"doxcniAUSaAeoYASK4uNdMHWwKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、蛋黃與細(xì)砂糖(50g)用打泡器攪拌至淡黃色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAWcmguwussuESw2zOh7Ykh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、加入融化的無(wú)鹽牛油、牛奶、香草精拌勻,再放入已篩的低筋面粉與泡打粉輕輕拌勻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUiMWiKgEAMcS0Ojhq0YO8g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、將蛋白打起泡后,分次加入細(xì)砂糖(60g)繼續(xù)打至偏干性發(fā)泡,再分次加入蛋黃液中拌勻。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6wiWy2EsyS6O2FuYQ8yUof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、取一個(gè)干凈的烤盤(pán)鋪上烤盤(pán)墊紙,將材料倒入并用軟刮板抹平。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniOSgMqsACEgOUHBUxYLoVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、放入烤箱180/150℃烘烤約20~25分鐘取出放涼,即為蛋糕體。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnmqeg6qiUKgYUqKGevQRtnc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、將千層派皮,放入已預(yù)熱200/200℃烤箱烘烤約50分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAs8gM4McG4sMgPlM82elig"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"馬卡龍","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEc2ucQKSAMU8aIRN9JDvMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"馬卡龍意思是一種用蛋白、杏仁粉、白砂糖和糖霜制作,并夾有水果醬或奶油的法式甜點(diǎn)。馬卡龍口感豐富、外脆內(nèi)柔,外觀五彩繽紛、精致小巧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnCkCKeiCU8OS2MzcAvMYRhb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:杏仁粉40g,糖粉40g,蛋白33g,白糖22g、奶油奶酪35g,黃油15g,糖粉15g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0qoYw6e2M6UUTp2cGreWmw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWqUIyKEyKOAIsJNnt4FNPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、把奶油奶酪和黃油切成小塊,室溫軟化成膏狀,篩入糖粉。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIeCIO6yA6ugOuW2Z2Cvdpc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、用電動(dòng)打蛋器打發(fā)均勻。用保鮮膜貼面蓋起來(lái),放冰箱冷藏。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIAuqqysSqmUwwdL9lStNmc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、將糖粉和杏仁粉過(guò)篩。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnUeCmkGoCqK8E7epQQWbWq5"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、在蛋白中加入22g白糖,用電動(dòng)打蛋器打發(fā)至硬性狀態(tài)。如果想做帶顏色的就滴一滴食用色素,打發(fā)均勻即可。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnSKCKik2YiSacA1UpDd8J9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、把蛋白霜放到糖粉和杏仁粉的混合物中,用翻拌的方法混合均勻。剛開(kāi)始不好翻拌也用壓拌的方法先將它們混合在一起。用刮刀舀起一些粉糊,粉糊呈緞帶狀落下。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6gCw6EQUAE8ySGvkmd5CYg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、裝進(jìn)裱花袋里,擠在烤盤(pán)上。輕摔幾下烤盤(pán),震出里面的氣泡,用牙簽將沒(méi)有震破的氣泡挑開(kāi)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQIaYoIGMc0egGKFuNa4mWp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、烤箱開(kāi)熱風(fēng)功能,上下火70度,把烤盤(pán)放進(jìn)去進(jìn)行晾皮,時(shí)間大概是20-30分鐘。晾皮的時(shí)候可以打開(kāi)烤箱用手觸摸表面,表面有彈性又不粘手就是晾好皮了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnICkUQ6eGWUeESw8Ko2gcid"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":4114,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"馬卡龍","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b34880f43866414aa58ecd0175b2e672","width":4116},"text":"","id":"doxcnWwCo6Ke2WSEkYZ3hjNrfih"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、晾好皮后把烤盤(pán)取出來(lái),對(duì)烤箱進(jìn)行預(yù)熱,上下火170度,預(yù)熱好后把烤箱放進(jìn)去,烘烤7分鐘左右,然后上下火調(diào)成120度烘烤13分鐘左右。時(shí)間和溫度僅供參考,大家根據(jù)自家的烤箱脾氣進(jìn)行調(diào)節(jié)。總體上來(lái)說(shuō)是先用高溫把裙邊烤出來(lái),然后再用低溫烤熟內(nèi)部。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2ums4YAoCKSMYbKYaYLWAh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、冷卻后把夾餡填充上即可。放冰箱冷藏后味道更好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnq2EWyOqAWW0CEJcOdg2zcg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包的做法","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngKIs8u4OaAyqKg210AZthc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"相對(duì)餅干、蛋糕來(lái)說(shuō),面包從選面粉到和面再到發(fā)酵,再到二次發(fā)酵,每一道工序都關(guān)乎成功的關(guān)鍵,每一個(gè)步驟都是新手必學(xué)的重點(diǎn),那今天我們就來(lái)看看,學(xué)做烘焙必須的三個(gè)步驟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEUSgG2MUeUiYaywbSnSsXg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"和面、攪面","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn8ac4wQIEMQE6MnyCBsahsc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做面包烘焙,首先第一個(gè)步驟,是和面,而在西點(diǎn)烘焙中,最主要的是攪面。面包制作常選用高筋面粉,其含有極高的蛋白質(zhì),而做烘焙,一般不是人工手動(dòng)和面,一般都是使用面包機(jī)或者是廚師機(jī)來(lái)完成,機(jī)器不停的攪拌。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnE8kQ8mCuCQs4eyZKIi0Qwg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在機(jī)器攪拌過(guò)程中,把面粉中的筋度一步一步加強(qiáng),直到攪拌面團(tuán)可以形成一層薄膜,用手能輕易的拉出透光的膜,用手指捅不易破裂,這個(gè)時(shí)候的面團(tuán)就達(dá)到了完全階段,那制作面包烘焙的第一個(gè)重要步驟也就算完成,面粉筋度達(dá)到最強(qiáng),那制作出來(lái)的面包也就更有彈性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcngau86aY224us4LiCsln4gg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":599,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"和面、攪面","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/eb7b6046d872425a86f833615748ee33","width":898},"text":"","id":"doxcnI66uq64uoWg8s5uYIXJNah"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)酵","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnecwyk8Wc8kkw4su5HsGKNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"西點(diǎn)烘焙發(fā)酵和中式面食發(fā)酵很大程度相同,但有小部分是有區(qū)別的,一樣的是需要進(jìn)行三個(gè)步驟。第一次發(fā)酵,發(fā)酵之后醒面,醒面之后再進(jìn)行二次發(fā)酵,二次發(fā)酵完成后即可完成整個(gè)發(fā)酵過(guò)程,這個(gè)過(guò)程對(duì)于整個(gè)烘焙來(lái)說(shuō)是極為重要的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnWeOuciykUC2m4iqiavHkke"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"首先我們來(lái)講講第一次發(fā)酵,第一次發(fā)酵,可以用面包機(jī)來(lái)定時(shí)發(fā)酵,但這個(gè)適合冬天,因?yàn)樽匀粶囟容^低,但是如果是夏天,空氣溫度足夠,(大概室溫達(dá)到25度的時(shí)候)那就可以完全采用自然發(fā)酵,但如果室溫低于20度的時(shí)候,那就不得不在面包機(jī)中發(fā)酵。在面包機(jī)總,一般發(fā)酵一個(gè)小時(shí)即可,面團(tuán)在第一次發(fā)酵的過(guò)程中,慢慢從面粉變成了有生命力的組織,使面團(tuán)有了味道,發(fā)酵賦與了面粉活力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2sIO4GgcuWWMU5j6IMVCug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"其次我們來(lái)講講醒面,第一次發(fā)酵完成之后,要注意把面粉中的空氣排除,讓分割后的面團(tuán)面筋松弛,使后面的整形變的容易進(jìn)行,所以必須要來(lái)一次醒發(fā)過(guò)程,其實(shí)這個(gè)過(guò)程很簡(jiǎn)單,在第一次發(fā)酵后,面團(tuán)一般會(huì)漲至兩倍左右大,只要用手指蘸上面粉戳一個(gè)深洞,洞口不發(fā)生塌陷,也不回縮,即一發(fā)完成。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn0iUgCwG8KO40yCiHiPYB2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"醒面過(guò)程完成之后,我們就進(jìn)行二次發(fā)酵,二次發(fā)酵比第一次發(fā)酵所需溫度要高,通常20-30攝氏度適合,太低面團(tuán)變硬,并且影響發(fā)面速度,而太高,面團(tuán)則會(huì)更軟塌,雖然時(shí)間會(huì)更快。所以二發(fā)不但要有20至35的溫度,還要有85%濕度來(lái)使得面團(tuán)表皮不失水,所以一般我們都依靠烤箱來(lái)完成二發(fā),進(jìn)入烤箱二發(fā)的時(shí)候,烤盤(pán)下面要加一碗約40度熱水,尤其是到了冬天,熱水冷掉了要拿出從新替換,使得最后發(fā)酵達(dá)到最完美的效果,時(shí)間約40分鐘至50分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcng4OW2KsQSsuEcTGjzwUepc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":436,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)酵","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/da43af05fb524b77bf94b334ab7fb6ac","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnG0awI8iM848moPxWHdhtFc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘烤","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnseCeksMseKi2WSuRlYHITh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"這是第三個(gè)重要的步驟,一般大家都知道,為了讓面包看起來(lái)更加有光澤有食欲,一般會(huì)在面包表面刷上一層蛋液,另外就是關(guān)于烤面包的需要掌握的火候,而烤面包的火候也有三個(gè)步驟,就是“先低、后高、再低”的不同火候,這樣可以烤制出合乎質(zhì)量要求的面包,但是要特別注意視情況而定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm6iggigIM0ooamArWt6mYc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"關(guān)于火的三個(gè)階斷","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEcisIcI8W64YA9kBNvtbug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"一般是這樣,第一階段上火要低(120℃左右),底火要高(不超過(guò)250~260℃),這樣既可以避免面包表面很快定形,又能使面包膨脹適度。第二階段上火、底火都要高,上火可達(dá)270℃,底火不超過(guò)270~300℃,使面包定形。第三階段逐步將上火降為180~200℃,底火降為140~160℃,命名面包表面焦化,形成鮮明色澤,并提高香味。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2wkuSgCcuUqUaKSUgbzT6d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包種類和做法很多,今天教大家?guī)卓畛R?guī)面包做法:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn6wEYmEAasiC4AFMvtnqBMb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"堅(jiān)果大列巴面包","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncO840AiccmeIGe2oDtFZXd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":732,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"堅(jiān)果大列巴面包","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f1eeb33b22024e04b2798964f40263a3","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcncW8800SUK8Q6GRbVFLUHhC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:面包粉400g、奶粉15g、酵母8g、鹽4g、綿白糖65g、牛奶200g、雞蛋1個(gè)、色拉油25g、黃油25g、堅(jiān)果仁150g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2oKgu4ccWuwgy0YhIg1pfh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":974,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"堅(jiān)果大列巴面包","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f3e9d2bd03294280a05d257815bab288","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnw6wKySSm66sokVTDzlKjcd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQQosIeyyc4wM46rvhxQhle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、準(zhǔn)備好所有食材。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnMKaCiuS4YywEohQNkFauzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、除了黃油、堅(jiān)果之外,按先液體后固體的順序,將材料放到揉面桶中,揉至擴(kuò)展階段,加入黃油后,再揉至完全擴(kuò)展階段,可拉出的薄膜不易破,洞眼邊緣呈光滑狀態(tài)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn4IiG8ogaYeygspIjVQPlMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、面團(tuán)整理成光滑面團(tuán),放至溫暖處發(fā)酵,約28度左右,濕度為75%,發(fā)酵至2倍大,手沾面粉,面團(tuán)扎眼不回縮。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYKg6k28YgOwow1nXpJRw8e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、面團(tuán)再次揉搓排氣,分成兩等份。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno8iYyu06AE0iWYbzem1erd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、取一個(gè)面團(tuán)搟開(kāi),平鋪上適量的干果,卷起后放于烤盤(pán)上,進(jìn)行二次發(fā)酵,涮上蛋液,烤箱200度預(yù)熱,轉(zhuǎn)170度上下火烤35分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnW4ya2YsA48oIQHKBtrtjWe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ28MekAo2Yy6s8Xkp2bHlD"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":768,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/3e72c465f1c34cbd9487061144cdec43","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnisCwEyaIMq2OJbhr6kGhGK"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:高粉280g、酵母3.5g、綿白糖23g、淡奶油60g、蛋清80g、鹽3g、無(wú)鹽黃油15g、清水70g","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnoYkGc062WGmykPpD233xRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQggKCkGsQwwmAfW9iFuddc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、除了黃油之外,食材按使方法先液體后固體順序放到面桶中,揉至擴(kuò)展階段后加入軟化的黃油,再揉于完全擴(kuò)展階段,可拉出薄膜且不易破。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGWkKYC8Y6GmCsF9jPkncUf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":981,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d14b3e101dfc4f0fba8b2e99359c78ba","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnaugo864qgeaGQTgHhAfNgd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、面團(tuán)收?qǐng)A后蓋好進(jìn)行發(fā)酵至2倍大,再次揉搓光滑,分成三等分,醒發(fā)15分鐘后,搟成長(zhǎng)舌狀,從一邊卷起。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKQA6Kw8Yakcksz7bMQE2wc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":964,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/21a664872c0e4be3aa78f3a62bdb0564","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnsuaKSgi6Yasoa6Nc9CiP3O"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、取一個(gè)面團(tuán)再次搟成長(zhǎng)舌狀,卷起后放到吐司模具中,進(jìn)行二次發(fā)酵至9分滿,涮上蛋液,預(yù)熱后,上下火170度烤5分鐘,轉(zhuǎn)165度烤35分鐘,后期上色后可蓋上錫紙。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnAiuuIcgOSoeWExs7MDZR8f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":984,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"淡奶蛋白吐司","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bf54dbc8700a44478db1dffa30b84859","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnM4w2WGGIGUAWmk8fEArKgg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"酸奶紫薯毛毛蟲(chóng)面包","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKgISykyKUwwyCe2gv6oPwb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":768,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"酸奶紫薯毛毛蟲(chóng)面包","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a2441c944b5740db975b3dec64663b0d","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnOcyc8aiQQKSAAxP2zSoHHh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"食材:高筋面粉250g、奶粉15g、酵母3g、細(xì)砂糖25g、精鹽2g、雞蛋1個(gè)、純牛奶140g、無(wú)鹽黃油25g、卡仕達(dá)醬、無(wú)鹽黃油50g、清水50g、低筋面粉50g、全蛋液80g、紫薯泥200g、酸奶100g。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnqyEgEsoa0IcqchjQKypnfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"做法步驟:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnawcsikkeCY42eWRhiRxTtf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、面團(tuán)食材除了黃油之外,所有材料混合制作成發(fā)面團(tuán),分成6份,醒15分鐘,取一個(gè)面團(tuán)搟開(kāi),一邊搟薄后卷起。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnIiueCkW8s0Ie0GRm2NWP6e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1024,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"酸奶紫薯毛毛蟲(chóng)面包","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/bf2328f43f294abf966b945b285afb74","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcnYiO2eQ0w6gYUs9GQTTdiHe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、制作卡仕達(dá)醬,將黃油50g、清水50g燒開(kāi)后,加入低粉50g,攪拌均勻后關(guān)火,稍微放至溫度,分次加入雞蛋液,攪拌至光滑細(xì)膩的面糊。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn62MowoWgUa604XGRoGutxg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1024,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"酸奶紫薯毛毛蟲(chóng)面包","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2223c5e8e2544459a5d5ff705f74d5b1","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcn0YYs8MQ6euQeINbrv5mMee"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、面包二次發(fā)酵結(jié)束后涮上雞蛋液,用裱花袋擠上卡仕達(dá)醬,烤箱預(yù)熱后上下火180烤18分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2kYy8iGyKkmeq0Tl4E27Nc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"注意事項(xiàng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEU0AACOe8CqcC0XxOtFzZe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包機(jī)揉面一定要到位","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYoae0EuSm0Acj6FUmpH6Bx"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"選擇3個(gè)和面程序,才能將面團(tuán)揉到完全擴(kuò)展,這樣做出來(lái)的面包比較松軟,口感比較好。整個(gè)流程,需要花費(fèi)60分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcncEwcWyuYkegiIvSConZtpe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"發(fā)酵時(shí)要控制好溫度","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn2iOIUaGauCqAW89At9N40b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第一次發(fā)酵所需溫度為28℃—29℃,發(fā)酵時(shí)間通常不是固定的,主要視發(fā)酵情況而定。在面包桶內(nèi)灑些水,控制好溫度,發(fā)酵出來(lái)的面包口感好,不易焦。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcne8giWm0scUuAusQzCDpVve"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘烤一定要把握住火候","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnaKKIEeaGUYCs2dyBf7BEIe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"面包烘烤是做面包的重要緩解,需要把握好烘烤時(shí)間,選擇中等的顏色。如果喜歡吃酥一點(diǎn),顏色選擇深色,這樣面包烤出來(lái)會(huì)焦一點(diǎn)。如果選擇淺色,面包顏色較淡,時(shí)間不低于35分鐘。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnYIc8OAcsMOGuIpo22dAvPb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"原材料選擇及面粉與液體的比例","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnwI2kMOMoaKooKYyXBzBscb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"面粉和液體的比例為3:1,和好面后,面粉一定要使用高筋面粉。通酵母發(fā)酵時(shí)間長(zhǎng)要3個(gè)小時(shí)以上,發(fā)酵在2小時(shí)內(nèi)完成。如果添加果料,一次性加,不要分太多次。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnOuAgyIKC48gEyshIFwwD3g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)途徑","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnkCGMaqEUSgcQodN2WYltUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)烘培可以去專業(yè)的烘焙學(xué)校,或者是去一些品牌面包店做學(xué)徒,也可以在網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行了解自學(xué)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnsMM28cESya4UC0HUhatwud"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕烘焙房","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQgMG8o0cWQQIu0FLvNZqce"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"去蛋糕烘焙房學(xué)徒可以接觸到各式各樣的西點(diǎn)產(chǎn)品,在工作過(guò)程中師傅會(huì)教一些技能知識(shí)給你,但是自己動(dòng)手實(shí)操的機(jī)會(huì)是非常少的,所以學(xué)習(xí)起來(lái)較慢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcno4y0qsE6sySI0KFJUMPPJe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":720,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"蛋糕烘焙房","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cf7612eeb12d4a5890ceb28856ef483d","width":1080},"text":"","id":"doxcnGwim4o6QwoSCSK1j8haTWg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"專業(yè)的蛋糕烘焙學(xué)校","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnKuiqge4GkmU866armxyDOh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"專業(yè)的西點(diǎn)培訓(xùn)學(xué)校會(huì)教多種不同西點(diǎn)制作工藝,以及市場(chǎng)流行產(chǎn)品,還有各種網(wǎng)紅流行西點(diǎn)制作。也有一系列的開(kāi)店的相關(guān)知識(shí)就教給學(xué)員。所以想開(kāi)店創(chuàng)業(yè)或者沒(méi)有基礎(chǔ)想學(xué)烘焙,建議去專業(yè)的蛋糕烘焙學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQUiQC6OQ6qWCWgXRioee9g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1080,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"專業(yè)的蛋糕烘焙學(xué)校","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6339c9f7827247e09d2673af391f7404","width":1440},"text":"","id":"doxcnkKWqcgKQu6IQM1nAhBFvJg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"自學(xué)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnm4s8AWuaeqMewd4smLMv5d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"自學(xué)是最省時(shí)而且學(xué)習(xí)成本最低的學(xué)習(xí)方法。但是一定要堅(jiān)持,切忌“三天打魚(yú),兩天曬網(wǎng)”。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnS4sAUqskeEIKeAoBgcoSMh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1094,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"自學(xué)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/18b87b309cf44381ba0d70c9450d6f75","width":828},"text":"","id":"doxcnqImOYEKQS8ccBvYthWVDdE"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"必看書(shū)籍推薦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyyuQ0Ueuc4ICABnJ75Qyyf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《食物與廚藝》——哈洛德·馬基,比較側(cè)重理論。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnEicCy80IuC022jbqtJtWde"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":682,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"必看書(shū)籍推薦","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a855381da0ab42cfa7dfce25c51c2ee0","width":1024},"text":"","id":"doxcn20kYCyC8QMsogHTomFDvxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《專業(yè)烘焙》(第3版)——韋恩·吉斯倫,理論與食譜相結(jié)合。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnGcAaYm0ik8cWQLmXn4iXlc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1280,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"必看書(shū)籍推薦","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b6ec87cb5fa9452e8e50503111113f31","width":1920},"text":"","id":"doxcnCigiM0Q6Qks6awDhJMxAEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《學(xué)徒面包師》——彼得·萊因哈特,理論與食譜相結(jié)合","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniQymWkQU8GyUmO1HRCvQTd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1040,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"必看書(shū)籍推薦","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d4f5ec1d53894518b68ce3b8de4f8153","width":864},"text":"","id":"doxcnuEWooOouayMImCtmxgdCbh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"烘培app推薦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyq0mcCSKwCmqQbQNzFsqsd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"下廚房","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnu6myuUQmQ6OaUzpz3b6Rkh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"這個(gè)我想大家應(yīng)該所有了解,學(xué)做菜基本都會(huì)下載的APP,里面有各種各樣的做菜教程。烘焙達(dá)人也會(huì)在上面寫(xiě)一些烘焙配方,教授各種甜品。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcn42wCckCMueA2yesbDhRNvh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1334,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"下廚房","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/793dc6a62d5142be8d3eea40d6521992","width":750},"text":"","id":"doxcnieQwA0IOKmc8RGDKIxxxIe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"米熊","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnyeUi2AUKkq6uwaLO6VHEuw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"這是一個(gè)以烘焙為主的直播視頻APP,里面包含了,烘焙,裱花,翻糖等各種課程,有付費(fèi)有免費(fèi)的課程,大多想學(xué)的里面都有。對(duì)于初學(xué)者,對(duì)烘焙感興趣,或者不愿意花太多錢學(xué)習(xí)烘焙的朋友來(lái)講是一個(gè)很好的學(xué)習(xí)APP。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcniuGg4ss6eoWO8jpBiADnvh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":1334,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"米熊","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7293831ecd2f4a7eab3ec2e37273f605","width":750},"text":"","id":"doxcn2oesSe4QwouO4esmwZe51d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"doxcnQ2O26CIamEmsAXEYvOmI6f"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E
9. 茶葉揉捻技巧
綠茶要求耐沖泡,所以綠茶揉捻和紅茶揉捻的程度不同。紅茶的揉捻要盡可能把葉子各細(xì)胞組織破壞,以便充分發(fā)酵,同時(shí)也是為了符合消費(fèi)者一次沖泡飲用的習(xí)慣。
綠茶揉捻則要求在保證外形的前提下,達(dá)到一定的細(xì)胞破損率,也就是要有一定的耐泡性。
如眉茶等要求細(xì)胞破損率在45%-65%之間,如高于70%,不僅不耐沖,而且毛茶滋味苦澀;如低于40%,茶味淡薄,條索也不緊,所以綠茶揉捻時(shí)間較紅茶短,壓力較紅茶小。